Thompson W L, Thompson T L
Adv Psychosom Med. 1985;14:33-47. doi: 10.1159/000411835.
Asthma is a complex and multifactorial illness. Early theories focused on the psychosomatic aspects of this disease and more work has been done through the years to explore these theories and to further elucidate the variety of psychiatric conflicts, personality traits, and stressors, and the role they play in asthma. More recently, mechanisms have been postulated whereby these conflicts can influence the pathologic process in the lungs causing symptoms of asthma. These seem to act at the level of the limbic system and hypothalamus, the autonomic nervous system, and the immunologic system. Many psychiatric factors play a strong role in maintenance of the asthma. Family interactions, anxiety, depression, panic-fear, and many others can facilitate or impede compliance with an appropriate medical regimen. Although all these variables have yet to be sorted out definitively, asthma is certainly an area where psychiatrists can have a major therapeutic impact.
哮喘是一种复杂的多因素疾病。早期理论聚焦于该疾病的心身方面，多年来人们开展了更多研究来探索这些理论，并进一步阐明各种精神冲突、人格特质和应激源，以及它们在哮喘中所起的作用。最近，有人提出了一些机制，通过这些机制，这些冲突可影响肺部的病理过程，导致哮喘症状。这些机制似乎作用于边缘系统、下丘脑、自主神经系统和免疫系统层面。许多精神因素在哮喘的维持中起着重要作用。家庭互动、焦虑、抑郁、惊恐恐惧等诸多因素都可能促进或阻碍患者对适当医疗方案的依从性。尽管所有这些变量尚未得到最终梳理，但哮喘无疑是一个精神科医生可产生重大治疗影响的领域。
