Morais Hannah Gil de Farias, Costa Caroline Fernandes da, de Souto Medeiros Maurília Raquel, Araújo Bárbara de Assis, Morais Everton Freitas de, Coletta Ricardo D, Freitas Roseana de Almeida
Department of Oral Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59056-000, RN, Brazil.
Multicampi School of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Caicó 59300-000, RN, Brazil.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2025 Jul 12;47(7):544. doi: 10.3390/cimb47070544.
This study aims to investigate the prognostic impact of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), analyzed through immunohistochemistry, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searches were performed in EMBASE, Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After applying the study criteria, 59 articles were included, involving the analysis of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and endothelial cells. It was found that TME rich in α-SMA-positive CAFs, tumor-associated macrophages, and dendritic cells contribute to the invasion and progression of OSCC, resulting in a poorer prognosis. In contrast, the presence of high amounts of NK CD57 cells, CD8/CD45RO T cells, and PNAd endothelial cells are associated with anti-tumor immune responses in OSCC and improved survival rates. CD3 and CD4 T cells, Treg cells, B cells, and mast cells have shown little to no evidence of prognostic utility. Several stromal components of TME were found to have a strong impact on the aggressiveness of OSCC, reaffirming the potential use of these biomarkers as prognostic tools and therapeutic targets.
本研究旨在通过免疫组织化学分析肿瘤微环境（TME）的细胞成分对口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）预后的影响。本综述按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行。检索了EMBASE、Medline/PubMed、Cochrane协作图书馆、科学网、ScienceDirect、Scopus和谷歌学术。应用研究标准后，纳入了59篇文章，涉及癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAF）、免疫细胞和内皮细胞的分析。研究发现，富含α-SMA阳性CAF、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞和树突状细胞的TME促进了OSCC的侵袭和进展，导致预后较差。相反，大量NK CD57细胞、CD8/CD45RO T细胞和PNAd内皮细胞的存在与OSCC中的抗肿瘤免疫反应及生存率提高相关。CD3和CD4 T细胞、调节性T细胞、B细胞和肥大细胞几乎没有显示出预后效用的证据。发现TME的几种基质成分对OSCC的侵袭性有强烈影响，再次证实了这些生物标志物作为预后工具和治疗靶点的潜在用途。
