多药耐药感染中黏菌素使用的患病率、合理性及结果:来自医院数据的见解

Prevalence, Appropriateness, and Outcomes of Colistin Use in Multidrug-Resistant Infections: Insights from Hospital Data.

作者信息

Abu-Farha Rana K, Sobh Savana, Abu Hammour Khawla, Darwish El-Hajji Feras, Shilbayeh Sireen A, Itani Rania

机构信息

Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman P.O. Box 11937, Jordan.

Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.

出版信息

Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Jul 15;61(7):1275. doi: 10.3390/medicina61071275.

Abstract

: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of colistin prescriptions among patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) ( infections admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital in Jordan. Additionally, the study evaluated the appropriateness of colistin prescriptions and assessed resistance levels of this strain. : In this retrospective study, adult patients who were infected with and were admitted to Jordan University Hospital between January 2018 and March 2024 were included. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, sources of infection, antibiotic therapy, and clinical outcomes were collected. : Out of the 85 patients who met the inclusion criteria for having MDR , colistin was administered to 16 patients (18.8%). Notably, approximately two-thirds (68.7%) of the isolates from patients who received colistin were classified as extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Among the isolates, 15 out of 16 (93.8%) were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Among the patients requiring colistin, five (31.3%) discontinued therapy, while two (12.5%) remained on colistin despite the availability of safer alternatives. No significant difference was observed in 30-day all-cause mortality between patients treated with colistin (0%) and those who were not (4.3%, = 1.00). Similarly, the incidence of acute kidney injury did not differ significantly between the colistin group (0%) and the non-colistin group ( = 1.00). No significant difference was found in the hospital stay between colistin-treated patients (median 10.5 days, IQR [5.0-14.0]) and those not treated with colistin (median 13.0 days, IQR [7.0-21.0]), ( = 0.22). : This study demonstrated that colistin was selectively initiated in high-risk patients, particularly those with XDR . However, its inappropriate continuation despite safer alternatives, as well as its discontinuation when no other options existed, raise concerns about antibiotic de-escalation practices. Interestingly, no significant differences in mortality or acute kidney injury were observed between patients who were treated with colistin and those who were not. These findings emphasize the need for antimicrobial stewardship programs and highlight the importance of large-scale trials to evaluate colistin's efficacy and safety in MDR infections.

摘要

本研究旨在评估约旦一家三级教学医院收治的多重耐药(MDR)感染患者中黏菌素处方的使用率。此外,该研究还评估了黏菌素处方的合理性,并评估了该菌株的耐药水平。:在这项回顾性研究中,纳入了2018年1月至2024年3月期间感染并入住约旦大学医院的成年患者。收集了有关人口统计学、临床特征、感染源、抗生素治疗和临床结局的数据。:在符合MDR纳入标准的85例患者中,16例(18.8%)接受了黏菌素治疗。值得注意的是,接受黏菌素治疗的患者中,约三分之二(68.7%)的分离株被分类为广泛耐药(XDR)。在这些分离株中,16株中有15株(93.8%)对环丙沙星和亚胺培南均耐药。在需要黏菌素治疗的患者中,5例(31.3%)停止了治疗,而2例(12.5%)尽管有更安全的替代药物仍继续使用黏菌素。接受黏菌素治疗的患者(0%)和未接受黏菌素治疗的患者(4.3%,P = 1.00)的30天全因死亡率无显著差异。同样,黏菌素组(0%)和非黏菌素组(P = 1.00)的急性肾损伤发生率也无显著差异。接受黏菌素治疗的患者(中位住院时间10.5天,IQR[5.0 - 14.0])和未接受黏菌素治疗的患者(中位住院时间13.0天,IQR[7.0 - 21.0])的住院时间无显著差异,(P = 0.22)。:本研究表明,黏菌素是在高危患者中选择性启用的,尤其是那些患有XDR感染的患者。然而,尽管有更安全的替代药物仍不恰当继续使用黏菌素,以及在没有其他选择时停止使用黏菌素,引发了对抗生素降阶梯治疗实践的担忧。有趣的是,接受黏菌素治疗的患者和未接受黏菌素治疗的患者在死亡率或急性肾损伤方面没有观察到显著差异。这些发现强调了抗菌药物管理计划的必要性,并突出了大规模试验评估黏菌素在MDR感染中的疗效和安全性的重要性。

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