Austin Katherine M, Frizzell Jenna K, Neighmond Audrey A, Moppel Isabella J, Ryno Lisa M
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH 44074, USA.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 15;13(7):1665. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071665.
Environmental conditions, including nutrient composition and temperature, influence biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in . Understanding how specific metabolites modulate these processes is critical for improving antimicrobial strategies. Here, we investigated the growth and composition of in both planktonic and biofilm states in the presence of L-arabinose, with and without exposure to the fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin, at two temperatures: 28 and 37 °C. At both temperatures, L-arabinose increased the growth rate of planktonic but resulted in reduced total growth; concurrently, it enhanced biofilm growth at 37 °C. L-arabinose reduced the efficacy of levofloxacin and promoted growth in sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (25 ng/mL). Transcriptomic analyses provided insight into the molecular basis of arabinose-mediated reduced susceptibility of to levofloxacin. We found that L-arabinose had a temperature- and state-dependent impact on the transcriptome. Using gene ontology overrepresentation analyses, we found that L-arabinose modulated the expression of many critical antibiotic resistance genes, including efflux pumps (, , ), transporters (), and biofilm-related genes for external structures like pili () and curli (, ). This study demonstrates a previously uncharacterized role for L-arabinose in modulating antibiotic resistance and biofilm-associated gene expression in and provides a foundation for additional exploration of sugar-mediated antibiotic sensitivity in bacterial biofilms.
环境条件，包括营养成分和温度，会影响生物膜的形成以及（文中未提及具体细菌名称）的抗生素耐药性。了解特定代谢物如何调节这些过程对于改进抗菌策略至关重要。在此，我们研究了在两种温度（28和37°C）下，在有和没有接触氟喹诺酮抗生素左氧氟沙星的情况下，L-阿拉伯糖存在时（文中未提及具体细菌名称）在浮游态和生物膜态的生长及组成。在这两种温度下，L-阿拉伯糖提高了浮游态（文中未提及具体细菌名称）的生长速率，但导致总生长量减少；同时，它在37°C时增强了生物膜的生长。L-阿拉伯糖降低了左氧氟沙星的疗效，并促进了在亚最低抑菌浓度（25 ng/mL）下的生长。转录组分析揭示了阿拉伯糖介导的（文中未提及具体细菌名称）对左氧氟沙星敏感性降低的分子基础。我们发现L-阿拉伯糖对转录组有温度和状态依赖性影响。通过基因本体超表达分析，我们发现L-阿拉伯糖调节了许多关键抗生素耐药基因的表达，包括外排泵（文中未提及具体基因名称）、转运蛋白（文中未提及具体基因名称）以及与菌毛（文中未提及具体基因名称）和卷曲菌毛（文中未提及具体基因名称）等外部结构相关的生物膜相关基因。本研究证明了L-阿拉伯糖在调节（文中未提及具体细菌名称）的抗生素耐药性和生物膜相关基因表达方面以前未被描述的作用，并为进一步探索糖介导的细菌生物膜抗生素敏感性提供了基础。
