Yang Kaiwei, Wu Xi, Ding Hui, Ma Bingcun, Li Zengting, Wang Yin, Yang Zexiao, Yao Xueping, Luo Yan
College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Sichuan Institute for Drug Control, Chengdu 611731, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 17;13(7):1683. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071683.
() is an opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in nature, and multi-drug resistance (MDR) has been widely recognized as a critical reservoir of resistance genes, posing severe health threats to humans and animals. A total of 288 strains were isolated and purified from fresh fecal samples of forest musk deer collected from farms in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan Provinces of China between 2013 and 2023. This study aimed to conduct antibiotic susceptibility testing and resistance gene detection on the isolated forest musk deer-derived , analyze the correlations between them, investigate the presence of CRISPR systems within the strains, and perform bioinformatics analysis on the CRISPR systems carried by the strains. Results showed that 138 out of 288 strains were MDR, with the highest resistance to tetracycline (48.3%), cefalexin (45.1%), and doxycycline (41.7%). Prevalent genes were (41.0%), (30.2%), (27.1%), with 29 gene-phenotype pairs correlated. CRISPR system-negative strains had higher resistance rates to 16 antibiotics and lower detection rates only for , , and compared to CRISPR system-positive strains. Regional analysis showed that the problem of drug resistance in Sichuan and Shaanxi was more serious, and that the detection rate of antibiotic resistance genes was relatively high. This study guides infection control in forest musk deer and enriches resistance research data.
（）是一种广泛分布于自然界的机会致病菌，多重耐药性（MDR）已被广泛认为是耐药基因的重要储存库，对人类和动物的健康构成严重威胁。2013年至2023年期间，从中国四川、陕西和云南省养殖场采集的林麝新鲜粪便样本中分离并纯化出288株菌株。本研究旨在对分离出的林麝源（）进行药敏试验和耐药基因检测，分析它们之间的相关性，调查菌株内CRISPR系统的存在情况，并对菌株携带的CRISPR系统进行生物信息学分析。结果显示，288株（）菌株中有138株为多重耐药菌，对四环素（48.3%）、头孢氨苄（45.1%）和强力霉素（41.7%）的耐药性最高。流行基因有（41.0%）、（30.2%）、（27.1%），有29对基因-表型对相关。与CRISPR系统阳性菌株相比，CRISPR系统阴性菌株对16种抗生素的耐药率更高，仅对（）、（）和（）的检出率较低。区域分析表明，四川和陕西的耐药问题更为严重，抗生素耐药基因的检出率相对较高。本研究为林麝（）感染控制提供指导，并丰富了耐药性研究数据。
