Yan Qi, Datsomor Osmond, Zhao Wenhao, Chen Wenjie, Wei Caixiang, Wei Deshuang, Gao Xin, Qin Chenghuan, Gu Qichao, Zou Caixia, Lin Bo
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530004, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 21;13(7):1708. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071708.
Against the backdrop of the green circular economy, the exploration of reliable and sustainable applications of lignocellulosic biomass (LCBM) has emerged as a critical research frontier. The utilization of LCBM as a ruminant roughage source offers a promising strategy to address two pressing issues: the "human-animal competition for food" dilemma and the environmental degradation resulting from improper LCBM disposal. However, the high degree of lignification in LCBM significantly restricts its utilization efficiency in ruminant diets. In recent years, microbial pretreatment has gained considerable attention as a viable approach to reduce lignification prior to LCBM application as ruminant feed. White-rot fungi (WRF) have emerged as particularly noteworthy among various microbial agents due to their environmentally benign characteristics and unique lignin degradation selectivity. WRF demonstrates remarkable efficacy in enzymatically breaking down the rigid lignocellulosic matrix (comprising lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) within LCBM cell walls, thereby reducing lignin content-a largely indigestible component for ruminants-while simultaneously enhancing the nutritional profile through increased protein availability and improved digestibility. Solid-state fermentation mediated by WRF enhances LCBM utilization rates and optimizes its nutritional value for ruminant consumption, thereby contributing to the advancement of sustainable livestock production, agroforestry systems, and global environmental conservation efforts. This review systematically examines recent technological advancements in WRF-mediated solid-state fermentation of LCBM, evaluates its outcomes of nutritional enhancement and animal utilization efficiency, and critically assesses current limitations and future prospects of this innovative approach within the framework of circular bioeconomy principles.
在绿色循环经济的背景下，探索木质纤维素生物质（LCBM）可靠且可持续的应用已成为一个关键的研究前沿领域。将LCBM用作反刍动物粗饲料来源提供了一个有前景的策略，以解决两个紧迫问题：“人畜争粮”困境以及因LCBM处置不当导致的环境退化。然而，LCBM中的高度木质化显著限制了其在反刍动物日粮中的利用效率。近年来，微生物预处理作为一种在将LCBM用作反刍动物饲料之前降低木质化的可行方法受到了广泛关注。在各种微生物制剂中，白腐真菌（WRF）因其环境友好特性和独特的木质素降解选择性而格外引人注目。WRF在酶解破坏LCBM细胞壁内坚硬的木质纤维素基质（由木质素、纤维素和半纤维素组成）方面表现出显著功效，从而降低木质素含量（反刍动物基本无法消化的成分），同时通过提高蛋白质可利用性和改善消化率来提升营养成分。由WRF介导的固态发酵提高了LCBM的利用率，并优化了其对反刍动物的营养价值，从而有助于推动可持续畜牧生产、农林业系统以及全球环境保护工作。本综述系统地研究了WRF介导的LCBM固态发酵的最新技术进展，评估了其营养强化和动物利用效率的成果，并在循环生物经济原则框架内批判性地评估了这种创新方法当前的局限性和未来前景。
