Zhang Lianlian, Xing Shengping, Li Jing, Liu Ying, Li Chaozhi, Zhu Jianhang, Li Yan, Fu Xiaoji
National Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource Mining, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330077, China.
Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China.
Molecules. 2025 Jul 8;30(14):2892. doi: 10.3390/molecules30142892.
Anthocyanins (ACNs), characterized by their polyhydroxy structures, exhibit high susceptibility to external environmental factors, which significantly limits their application in the food and industrial sectors. To enhance the stability of anthocyanins, anthocyanin nanoliposomes (ACN-NLs) were developed, with encapsulation efficiency, particle size and zeta potential serving as key evaluation parameters. Furthermore, through layer-by-layer self-assembly and electrostatic interactions, ACN-NLs were modified using synanthrin (SY) and pea protein isolate (PPI). Consequently, PPI-modified ACN-NLs (PPI-ACN-NLs) and SY-PPI-modified ACN-NLs (SY-PPI-ACN-NLs) were successfully synthesized. In this study, the structural characteristics of liposomes were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), their in vitro digestibility was evaluated, and their stability under different temperatures, light conditions, and simulated food system conditions was assessed. The results demonstrated that when the mass ratio of soybean lecithin to cholesterol, soybean lecithin to anhydrous ethanol, and drug-to-lipid ratio were set at 5:1, 3:100, and 3:10, respectively, with an ACN concentration of 4 mg/mL, a pea protein solution with pH 3.0, a PPI concentration of 10 mg/mL, and an SY concentration of 8 mg/mL, the prepared ACN-NLs, PPI-ACN-NLs, and SY-PPI-ACN-NLs exhibited optimal performance. Their respective encapsulation efficiencies were 52.59 ± 0.24%, 83.80 ± 0.43%, and 90.38 ± 0.24%; average particle sizes were 134.60 ± 0.76 nm, 213.20 ± 0.41 nm, and 246.60 ± 0.24 nm zeta potentials were -32.4 ± 0.75 mV, -27.46 ± 0.69 mV, and -16.93 ± 0.31 mV. The changes in peak shape observed via X-ray diffraction (XRD), in vitro digestion profiles, and alterations in anthocyanin release rates under different conditions collectively indicated that the modification of ACN-NLs using SY and PPI enhanced the protective effect on the ACNs, improving their biological activity, and providing a robust foundation for the practical application of ACNs.
花青素（ACNs）具有多羟基结构，对外部环境因素高度敏感，这极大地限制了它们在食品和工业领域的应用。为提高花青素的稳定性，开发了花青素纳米脂质体（ACN-NLs），并将包封率、粒径和zeta电位作为关键评价参数。此外，通过层层自组装和静电相互作用，利用辛那林（SY）和豌豆分离蛋白（PPI）对ACN-NLs进行修饰。结果成功合成了PPI修饰的ACN-NLs（PPI-ACN-NLs）和SY-PPI修饰的ACN-NLs（SY-PPI-ACN-NLs）。本研究利用X射线衍射（XRD）研究了脂质体的结构特征，评估了其体外消化率，并评估了它们在不同温度、光照条件和模拟食品体系条件下的稳定性。结果表明，当大豆卵磷脂与胆固醇的质量比、大豆卵磷脂与无水乙醇的质量比以及药物与脂质的比例分别设定为5:1、3:100和3:10，ACN浓度为4 mg/mL，pH值为3.0的豌豆蛋白溶液，PPI浓度为10 mg/mL，SY浓度为8 mg/mL时，制备的ACN-NLs、PPI-ACN-NLs和SY-PPI-ACN-NLs表现出最佳性能。它们各自的包封率分别为52.59±0.24%、83.80±0.43%和90.38±0.24%；平均粒径分别为134.60±0.76 nm、213.20±0.41 nm和246.60±0.24 nm，zeta电位分别为-32.4±0.75 mV、-27.46±0.69 mV和-16.93±0.31 mV。通过X射线衍射（XRD）观察到峰形的变化、体外消化曲线以及不同条件下花青素释放率的改变共同表明，用SY和PPI对ACN-NLs进行修饰增强了对ACNs的保护作用，提高了它们的生物活性，并为ACNs的实际应用提供了坚实的基础。
