Helmerson Cecilia, Durant Joël M, Hoff Siv Nam Khang, Brieuc Marine Servane Ono, Berg Paul Ragnar, Jorde Per Erik, Maurstad Marius Filomeno, Bradbury Ian, Kjesbu Olav Sigurd, Godiksen Jane Aanestad, Stenseth Nils Chr, Star Bastiaan, Jakobsen Kjetill S, Jentoft Sissel
Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway.
Sci Adv. 2025 Aug;11(31):eadp3342. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adp3342. Epub 2025 Jul 30.
Anthropogenic stressors have led to marked ecosystem perturbations, including population declines and shifts in habitat range for key marine fish species. Understanding how these changes affect genome-wide characteristics, causing long-term evolutionary responses, is still in its infancy. Genome-wide retrospective assessment of the iconic migratory Atlantic cod () from the Barents Sea, unraveled varying degree of admixture with the nonmigratory coastal ecotype throughout the 20th century, and intriguingly more intensified during recent decades. These genomic changes were supported by an increased number of individuals displaying the heterozygous state of the chromosomal inversion coupled to migratory behavior in Atlantic cod. Ecological models and genome-wide scans identified that some of the observed frequency shifts, coupled to neural development, metabolic, and growth regulation, covaried with intensified fisheries, reduced generation time, and ocean warming. Our results demonstrate how anthropogenic perturbations impact the dynamics between two well-known ecotypes of Atlantic cod and thus, their genomic signatures, with potential implications for future management programs.
人为压力源已导致显著的生态系统扰动，包括关键海洋鱼类种群数量下降和栖息地范围变化。了解这些变化如何影响全基因组特征并引发长期进化反应，目前仍处于起步阶段。对来自巴伦支海的标志性洄游大西洋鳕鱼（）进行全基因组回顾性评估发现，在整个20世纪，它与非洄游沿海生态型存在不同程度的混合，有趣的是，近几十年来这种混合更为加剧。这些基因组变化得到了越来越多显示出与大西洋鳕鱼洄游行为相关的染色体倒位杂合状态个体数量增加的支持。生态模型和全基因组扫描表明，一些观察到的频率变化，与神经发育、代谢和生长调节相关，与渔业强化、世代时间缩短和海洋变暖共同变化。我们的结果表明人为扰动如何影响大西洋鳕鱼两种著名生态型之间的动态变化，进而影响它们的基因组特征，这对未来的管理计划可能具有潜在影响。
