Tan W C, Lee S T, Lee C N, Wong S
Ann Acad Med Singap. 1985 Jul;14(3):430-4.
We found that fibreoptic bronchoscopy was a useful, simple, safe and accurate method in the diagnosis of inhalation injury, determining the type, the site and the extent of damage sustained. The most common mucosal damage was erythema and oedema of the supraglottic and glottic tissues, though in a few cases more severe and extensive injury was seen. Death seemed to be determined largely by the extent of skin burn but since there did not appear to be a close relationship between the severity of skin burn and the presence of inhalation burn, we suggest that the two types of injuries be evaluated separately. The main therapeutic role lies in the assessment and anticipation of imminent upper airway obstruction caused by oedema of the supraglottic tissues and the glottis. Endotracheal intubation could then be carried out promptly. Changes in clinical features and laboratory results were too slow to be of use in the prediction of upper airway obstruction, but could be indirect indicators of lower and peripheral airway injury.
我们发现，纤维支气管镜检查是诊断吸入性损伤、确定损伤类型、部位及严重程度的一种有用、简单、安全且准确的方法。最常见的黏膜损伤是声门上和声门组织的红斑和水肿，不过在少数病例中可见更严重、范围更广的损伤。死亡似乎在很大程度上取决于皮肤烧伤的程度，但由于皮肤烧伤的严重程度与吸入性烧伤的存在之间似乎没有密切关系，我们建议对这两种损伤分别进行评估。主要治疗作用在于评估和预测由声门上组织和声门水肿引起的即将发生的上呼吸道梗阻。然后可迅速进行气管插管。临床特征和实验室检查结果的变化过于缓慢，无法用于预测上呼吸道梗阻，但可能是下呼吸道和外周气道损伤的间接指标。
