Yang Huiting, Chen Wei, Yao Yujia, Gu Xiaohong, Chen Huihui, Zeng Qingfei, Mao Zhigang, Xiang Tao
Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2025 Nov;297:110301. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2025.110301. Epub 2025 Jul 28.
The concurrent presence of cyanobacterial blooms and cyanobacterial derivative pollution in natural freshwater poses serious threats to aquatic biota and human beings. To date, cyanobacteria, especially ignored benthic toxic cyanobacteria, may cause potential harmful impacts on benthic animals. Understanding benthic animals' possible responses to these toxic cyanobacteria is important for assessing cyanobacterial bloom-induced ecological risks. This study investigated the harmful impacts of planktonic Microcystis aeruginosa (generating microcystin) and benthic Oscillatoria sp. (generating cylindrospermopsin) on the feeding behavior, tissue structure, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and immunotoxicity of the freshwater macrobenthos clams Lamprotula leai and snails Bellamya aeruginosa under 14-d exposure. Firstly, two cyanobacteria can reduce the clearance rates of clams and snails, causing tissue damage in their digestive glands. Secondly, two cyanobacteria can induce neurotoxicity in clams and snails by altering acetylcholinesterase activities and acetylcholine levels in their digestive glands. Thirdly, two cyanobacteria can lead to oxidative stress in clams and snails by changing the antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione levels, malondialdehyde levels, and reactive oxygen species levels in their digestive glands. Finally, two cyanobacteria can cause immunotoxicity in clams and snails by altering lysozyme activities in their digestive glands, while two cyanobacteria can also induce inflammatory responses in clams by increasing levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in their digestive glands. These data indicated that toxic cyanobacteria can threaten the health of macrobenthos, and the benthic cyanobacteria-induced adverse ecological impacts should not be ignored.
自然淡水中蓝藻水华和蓝藻衍生物污染的同时存在对水生生物群和人类构成了严重威胁。迄今为止，蓝藻，尤其是被忽视的底栖有毒蓝藻，可能对底栖动物造成潜在的有害影响。了解底栖动物对这些有毒蓝藻的可能反应对于评估蓝藻水华引发的生态风险至关重要。本研究调查了浮游铜绿微囊藻（产生微囊藻毒素）和底栖颤藻属（产生柱孢藻毒素）在14天暴露条件下对淡水大型底栖动物背角无齿蚌和铜锈环棱螺的摄食行为、组织结构、神经毒性、氧化应激和免疫毒性的有害影响。首先，两种蓝藻会降低蚌和螺的清除率，导致其消化腺组织损伤。其次，两种蓝藻会通过改变蚌和螺消化腺中的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和乙酰胆碱水平来诱导神经毒性。第三，两种蓝藻会通过改变蚌和螺消化腺中的抗氧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽水平、丙二醛水平和活性氧水平来导致氧化应激。最后，两种蓝藻会通过改变蚌和螺消化腺中的溶菌酶活性来引起免疫毒性，同时两种蓝藻还会通过增加蚌消化腺中白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平来诱导炎症反应。这些数据表明，有毒蓝藻会威胁大型底栖动物的健康，且底栖蓝藻引起的不利生态影响不容忽视。
