Gao Li, Xu Fen, Yan Jie, Ma Yan
Department of Neonatology, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215200, Jiangsu Province, China.
World J Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 19;15(7):104844. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i7.104844.
Newborns with low-birth-weight may lag behind those with normal-birth-weight in terms of growth, development, and nutritional status, which increases mothers' concerns about the child's future health and leads to anxiety and depression. Providing nutritional support to newborns with low-birth-weight to facilitate optimal growth and development may help alleviate maternal anxiety and depression.
To explore the effects of nutritional support timing on the growth and development of newborns born under 2 kg and their mothers' anxiety and depression.
A total of 64 newborns born under 2 kg and their mothers who received treatment at the neonatology department of Suzhou Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2023 to October 2024 were selected and retrospectively evaluated. Newborns were then divided into the following two groups according to the start time of enteral nutrition support: Group S (32 cases, receiving enteral nutrition support within 24 hour of birth) and Group L (32 cases, receiving enteral nutrition support after 24 hour of birth). Thereafter, we compared the baseline data, as well as the milk intake and total bilirubin (TBIL) values, between the two groups at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after nutritional support. We also compared the occurrence of adverse digestive reactions (vomiting, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and residual symptoms), complications (neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and infection), growth and development indicators (weight, length, and head circumference) before and after nutritional support between the two groups of patients, as well as their mother's anxiety [evaluated using the Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)] and depression [evaluated using the Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS)].
No significant difference in baseline data was observed between the two groups ( > 0.05). Milk intake and TBIL levels in Group S were significantly better than those in Group L at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after nutritional support ( < 0.05). No significant differences in vomiting, abdominal distension, constipation, diarrhea, and residual adverse reactions were observed between the two groups during nutritional support ( > 0.05). Group S had a significantly reduce of fewer complications (, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and infection) than did Group L during nutritional support ( < 0.05). Before nutritional support, no significant differences in developmental indicators (weight, length, and head circumference) were noted between the two groups ( > 0.05). However, after nutritional support, the weight, length, and head circumference of both groups were higher than those before intervention, with Group S having significantly higher values than did Group L ( < 0.05). Mothers of children who received nutritional support had decreased SAS and SDS scores, with Group S mothers having significantly lower scores than did Group L mothers ( < 0.05).
Enteral nutrition support had significant effects on newborns weighing < 2 kg within 24 hours of birth. In particular, it promoted the maturation of gastrointestinal function, enhanced nutrient absorption, promoted optimal short-term growth and development, and alleviated the mother's anxiety and depression.
低出生体重新生儿在生长、发育和营养状况方面可能落后于正常出生体重的新生儿，这增加了母亲对孩子未来健康的担忧，并导致焦虑和抑郁。为低出生体重新生儿提供营养支持以促进最佳生长发育可能有助于减轻母亲的焦虑和抑郁。
探讨营养支持时机对出生体重低于2kg的新生儿生长发育及其母亲焦虑和抑郁的影响。
选取2023年1月至2024年10月在苏州大学附属第九医院新生儿科接受治疗的64例出生体重低于2kg的新生儿及其母亲进行回顾性评估。然后根据肠内营养支持开始时间将新生儿分为以下两组：S组（32例，出生后24小时内接受肠内营养支持）和L组（32例，出生后24小时后接受肠内营养支持）。此后，我们比较了两组在营养支持后1、2、3和4周的基线数据，以及奶量摄入和总胆红素（TBIL）值。我们还比较了两组患者营养支持前后不良消化反应（呕吐、腹胀、便秘、腹泻和残留症状）、并发症（新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎和感染）、生长发育指标（体重、身长和头围）的发生情况，以及他们母亲的焦虑[使用自评焦虑量表（SAS）评估]和抑郁[使用自评抑郁量表（SDS）评估]情况。
两组基线数据无显著差异（>0.05）。营养支持后1、2、3和4周，S组的奶量摄入和TBIL水平显著优于L组（<0.05）。营养支持期间两组在呕吐、腹胀、便秘、腹泻和残留不良反应方面无显著差异（>0.05）。营养支持期间，S组的并发症（新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎和感染）明显少于L组（<0.05）。营养支持前，两组发育指标（体重、身长和头围）无显著差异（>0.05）。然而，营养支持后，两组的体重、身长和头围均高于干预前，S组的值显著高于L组（<0.05）。接受营养支持的儿童母亲的SAS和SDS评分降低，S组母亲的评分显著低于L组母亲（<0.05）。
出生后24小时内对体重<2kg的新生儿进行肠内营养支持有显著效果。特别是，它促进了胃肠功能的成熟，增强了营养吸收，促进了最佳短期生长发育，并减轻了母亲的焦虑和抑郁。
