Nielsen Søren Saxmose, Álvarez Julio, Boklund Anette Ella, Dippel Sabine, Dorea Fernanda, Figuerola Jordi, Miranda Chueca Miguel Ángel, Michel Virginie, Nannoni Eleonora, Nonno Romolo, Riber Anja B, Stahl Karl, Stegeman Jan Arend, Thulke Hans-Hermann, Tuyttens Frank, Winckler Christoph, Díez-León Maria, Edwards Sandra, Schwarzer Angela, Benedetti Beatrice, Candiani Denise, Cattaneo Eleonora, Hempen Michaela, Lima Eliana, Caravaca Claudia Millán, Tirchett Neil J, Van der Stede Yves, Vitali Marika, Herskin Mette S
EFSA J. 2025 Jul 30;23(7):e9519. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9519. eCollection 2025 Jul.
This Scientific Opinion (SO) addresses a mandate from the EC regarding welfare of the following animals when farmed for their fur: (i) American mink ( or ), (ii) Red fox (, also known as 'silver fox'), (iii) Arctic fox (, also known as 'blue fox'), (iv) Raccoon dog (, also known as 'Finnraccoon') and (v) Chinchilla (). The request was to identify the most relevant welfare consequences (WCs) for each species and to determine whether these could be prevented or substantially mitigated in the current husbandry systems. 'Current system' refers strictly to the cage systems and cage dimensions as described in the EFSA Technical report produced under this mandate, as there was no or very limited information available on animals kept in alternative farming systems. Using information obtained from a review of literature, consultations with stakeholders and consideration by EFSA experts, the SO addresses for each species these WCs along with their underlying hazards and potential preventive or mitigating measures. In all species, Restriction of movement, Inability to perform exploratory or foraging behaviour, and Sensorial under- and overstimulation were selected as the most relevant WCs, sharing common hazards linked to current cage size and barrenness. Species-specific WCs include: soft tissue lesions and integument damage (mink), and handling stress (mink and foxes); locomotory disorders (Arctic fox); group stress (red fox), locomotory disorders and isolation stress (raccoon dog); and inability to perform comfort behaviour, resting problems and predation stress (chinchilla). In the majority of cases, it is concluded that neither prevention nor substantial mitigation of the identified WCs is possible in the current system. The SO also includes conclusions on limited or substantial mitigation measures in the current system and, when not possible, on substantial mitigating measures which would require a change to a different system.
本科学意见（SO）回应了欧盟委员会关于以下养殖取皮动物福利的一项授权要求：（i）美洲水貂（ 或 ），（ii）赤狐（ ，也称为“银狐”），（iii）北极狐（ ，也称为“蓝狐”），（iv）貉（ ，也称为“芬兰貉”），以及（v）毛丝鼠（ ）。要求是确定每个物种最相关的福利后果（WC），并确定在当前养殖系统中这些后果是否可以预防或大幅减轻。“当前系统”严格指根据该授权要求编写的欧洲食品安全局技术报告中描述的笼养系统和笼子尺寸，因为关于替代养殖系统中饲养动物的信息很少或非常有限。利用从文献综述、与利益相关者协商以及欧洲食品安全局专家审议中获得的信息，本科学意见针对每个物种阐述了这些福利后果及其潜在危害和可能的预防或减轻措施。在所有物种中，行动受限、无法进行探索或觅食行为以及感官刺激不足和过度被选为最相关的福利后果，它们都与当前笼子大小和贫瘠环境存在共同危害。特定物种的福利后果包括：软组织损伤和体表损伤（水貂），以及处理应激（水貂和狐狸）；运动障碍（北极狐）；群体应激（赤狐），运动障碍和隔离应激（貉）；以及无法进行舒适行为、休息问题和捕食应激（毛丝鼠）。在大多数情况下，得出的结论是，在当前系统中既无法预防也无法大幅减轻已确定的福利后果。本科学意见还包括关于当前系统中有限或大幅减轻措施的结论，以及在无法实现时关于需要改变为不同系统的大幅减轻措施的结论。
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