Zhang Qinlong, Li Zhen, Jiang Lei, Gao Yanan, Gong Tingjun, Li Jian, Zhou Zhixiong
Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No.11, North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 010 82099489.
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jul 31;27:e69451. doi: 10.2196/69451.
Obesity has become one of today's global health challenges. According to the World Health Organization, in 2022, a total of 2.5 billion adults aged 18 years and older will be overweight, including more than 890 million adults with obesity.
Exercise interventions based on mobile health (mHealth) technology are widely available, but the effectiveness and feasibility of interventions using mHealth apps and exercise watches to improve the physical health of male college students with overweight and obesity are unknown, and this study compares the effects of online interventions carried out by mHealth technology and offline interventions guided by physical trainers on the physical health of male college students with overweight and obesity.
This study used a randomized controlled trial with a pretest-posttest design, and participants were randomly divided into an online group, an offline group, and a control group. The online group exercised online through the fitness app, and the offline group was instructed by a professional trainer to exercise offline, and both groups wore sports watches to monitor their activities, and the training content was the same. The control group did not carry out any intervention.
At the end of the intervention, the BMI of the online and offline groups decreased by 0.89(SD 1.17) and 0.68(SD 0.94)kg/m², respectively (P<.01), and the body fat rate decreased by 1.69%(SD 2.24) in the online group and 2.25% (SD 3.20)in the offline group (P<.01). Several physical fitness indicators, such as muscle mass, increased significantly by an average of 1115.23 (SD 1765.42) g in the online group and 1377.74(SD 2203.05)g in the offline group (P<.05), and lung capacity improved by 536.82 (SD 745.55) and 450.35 (SD 664.47)ml in the online and offline groups, respectively (P<.05). The changes in these indicators between the online and offline groups were not significantly different (P>.05). Additionally, a dose-effect relationship was found between the amount of physical activity and the rate of change in body fat, with a 6.9% increase in the rate of change in body fat for every 1 METh increase in moderate-intensity physical activity, and a 5.4% increase in the rate of change in body fat for every 1 METh increase in high-intensity physical activity.
Exercise intervention based on mHealth technology effectively improves the physical fitness of male college students with overweight and obesity, and the effect is consistent with offline intervention. There was a significant dose-effect relationship between the amount of physical activity and the rate of change in body fat, which provided a scientific basis for the development of personalized training programs.
肥胖已成为当今全球健康挑战之一。根据世界卫生组织的数据，2022年，共有25亿18岁及以上的成年人超重，其中超过8.9亿成年人患有肥胖症。
基于移动健康（mHealth）技术的运动干预广泛可得，但使用mHealth应用程序和运动手表改善超重和肥胖男大学生身体健康的干预措施的有效性和可行性尚不清楚，本研究比较了mHealth技术进行的在线干预和体育教练指导的离线干预对超重和肥胖男大学生身体健康的影响。
本研究采用前后测设计的随机对照试验，参与者被随机分为在线组、离线组和对照组。在线组通过健身应用程序进行在线锻炼，离线组由专业教练指导进行离线锻炼，两组均佩戴运动手表监测活动，训练内容相同。对照组未进行任何干预。
干预结束时，在线组和离线组的体重指数分别下降了0.89（标准差1.17）和0.68（标准差0.94）kg/m²（P<0.01），在线组体脂率下降了1.69%（标准差2.24），离线组下降了2.25%（标准差3.20）（P<0.01）。在线组和离线组的一些身体素质指标，如肌肉量，平均分别显著增加了1115.23（标准差1765.42）g和1377.74（标准差2203.05）g（P<0.05），在线组和离线组的肺活量分别提高了536.82（标准差745.55）和450.35（标准差664.47）ml（P<0.05）。在线组和离线组之间这些指标的变化无显著差异（P>0.05）。此外，发现身体活动量与体脂变化率之间存在剂量效应关系，中等强度身体活动每增加1 METh，体脂变化率增加6.9%，高强度身体活动每增加1 METh，体脂变化率增加5.4%。
基于mHealth技术的运动干预有效改善了超重和肥胖男大学生的身体素质，且效果与离线干预一致。身体活动量与体脂变化率之间存在显著的剂量效应关系，为制定个性化训练方案提供了科学依据。
