Aydın Sercan, Kahraman Aydın Seda, Gülmez Barış, Ersoy Sığva Beniz İrem, Kavurmacı Önder, Dadaş Ömer Faruk
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Izmir Democracy University Buca Seyfi Demirsoy Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Health Sciences University Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Eur J Med Res. 2025 Aug 1;30(1):693. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-02969-7.
People with thoracic trauma often present to the emergency department with low-energy injuries and sustain rib fractures. This study aimed to assess the risk of traumatic pneumothorax in a patient cohort based on the radiological characteristics of rib fractures, along with patient and environmental variables.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of demographic characteristics, the number and nature of rib fractures, the date of trauma, and the correlation between pneumothorax and rib fractures in patients treated in the thoracic surgery departments of three centers between May 2021 and August 2024.
Gender, side of trauma, location of the rib fracture, and season were not found to correlate with traumatic pneumothorax. The probability of pneumothorax reduced by 2.1% with each 1-year increase in age (OR = 0.979; p = 0.006). Each fractured rib increased the incidence of traumatic pneumothorax by 23% (OR = 1.23; p = 0.011). Patients with at least one displaced rib fracture had a 2.08-fold higher incidence of traumatic pneumothorax compared to those without displaced rib fractures (OR = 2.08; p = 0.016). The cut-off number of rib fractures associated with traumatic pneumothorax was determined to be 3.5.
Young patients arriving at the emergency room with acute thoracic trauma, those with at least one displaced rib fracture, and individuals with four or more rib fractures are at risk for traumatic pneumothorax. Patients exhibiting these features should be evaluated by thoracic surgery specialists in the emergency department.
胸部创伤患者常因低能量损伤就诊于急诊科并发生肋骨骨折。本研究旨在根据肋骨骨折的影像学特征以及患者和环境变量，评估患者队列中创伤性气胸的风险。
我们对2021年5月至2024年8月期间在三个中心胸外科接受治疗的患者的人口统计学特征、肋骨骨折的数量和性质、创伤日期以及气胸与肋骨骨折之间的相关性进行了回顾性分析。
未发现性别、创伤侧、肋骨骨折部位和季节与创伤性气胸相关。年龄每增加1岁，气胸发生概率降低2.1%（OR = 0.979；p = 0.006）。每根肋骨骨折使创伤性气胸的发生率增加23%（OR = 1.23；p = 0.011）。与无移位肋骨骨折的患者相比，至少有一处移位肋骨骨折的患者创伤性气胸发生率高2.08倍（OR = 2.08；p = 0.016）。确定与创伤性气胸相关的肋骨骨折临界数量为3.5根。
因急性胸部创伤到达急诊室的年轻患者、至少有一处移位肋骨骨折的患者以及有四根或更多肋骨骨折的患者有发生创伤性气胸的风险。表现出这些特征的患者应在急诊科由胸外科专家进行评估。
