Zhang Yu, Hao Jing, Luo Zi, Li Yi-Jun, Liu Zhong, Zhao Ning-Bo
Department of Ultrasound, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated with Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, Guangdong Province, China.
Department of Digestive Medicine, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
World J Radiol. 2025 Jul 28;17(7):106556. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v17.i7.106556.
Liver transplantation is the primary therapeutic choice for end-stage liver disease. Currently, biliary complications are among the main factors affecting the survival rate and quality of life of liver transplant recipients. Nevertheless, the clinical manifestations of biliary complications following liver transplantation are often non-specific, making early diagnosis and timely treatment crucial for improving patient outcomes. Ultrasound is the preferred imaging method following liver transplantation. Importantly, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, with the administration of contrast agents, can improve the resolution of biliary images and enable real-time, dynamic visualization of microcirculation perfusion in the biliary system and surrounding tissues. The present article describes the normal ultrasonic features of the biliary system following liver transplantation and briefly reviews the progress in the ultrasonic diagnosis of common biliary complications, including anastomotic biliary strictures, non-anastomotic biliary strictures, biliary leakage, biloma, and bile sludge/bile stone.
肝移植是终末期肝病的主要治疗选择。目前，胆道并发症是影响肝移植受者生存率和生活质量的主要因素之一。然而，肝移植后胆道并发症的临床表现往往不具有特异性，因此早期诊断和及时治疗对于改善患者预后至关重要。超声是肝移植后首选的影像学检查方法。重要的是，超声造影通过注入造影剂，可提高胆道图像的分辨率，并能实时、动态地显示胆道系统及周围组织的微循环灌注情况。本文介绍了肝移植后胆道系统的正常超声特征，并简要综述了常见胆道并发症，包括吻合口胆管狭窄、非吻合口胆管狭窄、胆漏、胆汁瘤和胆泥/胆结石的超声诊断进展。
