Sipos László, Galambosi Zsófia, Biró Péter, Csató László, Bozóki Sándor
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Department of Postharvest, Commercial and Sensory Science Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences Budapest Hungary.
Centre of Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN) Institute of Economics Budapest Hungary.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jul 31;13(8):e70684. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70684. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Different ranking methods have long been used in sensory testing. Their diffusion was mainly due to their simplicity, their standardized methods, their software support, and their wide range of applications. However, a number of research and industrial problems have emerged recently that cannot be adequately solved by the standard approaches, making it necessary to apply and adapt methods from other disciplines. This article discusses the ranking methods of international sensory standardization (single-, pair-ranking methods, balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) according to the structure of standardization). We overview ranking methods in international sensory competitions. We evaluate some potential applications of ranking methodological developments pair ranking, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), graph theory, developed and applied by other disciplines, which are less used in sensory sciences. The principles and applications of these methodologies are summarized, and factors affecting their effectiveness and limitations are discussed. Preference modeling and quantification are key questions of decision and sensory sciences. Both areas require true, unbiased individual responses as well as their appropriate aggregation. Competitions are typically multi-criteria problems, evaluated by several decision makers. To better understand consumer preferences and to explore complex consumer choices, different methods and software from other disciplines-decision and social choice theory, operations research, economics (e.g., ranking based on pairwise comparisons, AHP, MCDM, graph theory)-are adapted and disseminated. In addition to surveying latest trends, we propose some areas of future research development.
长期以来，不同的排序方法一直用于感官测试。它们的广泛传播主要归因于其简单性、标准化方法、软件支持以及广泛的应用范围。然而，最近出现了一些标准方法无法充分解决的研究和工业问题，因此有必要应用和改编其他学科的方法。本文根据标准化结构讨论了国际感官标准化的排序方法（单排序、成对排序方法、平衡不完全区组设计（BIBD））。我们概述了国际感官竞赛中的排序方法。我们评估了排序方法发展的一些潜在应用，如成对排序、层次分析法（AHP）、多准则决策（MCDM）、图论，这些方法由其他学科开发和应用，在感官科学中较少使用。总结了这些方法的原理和应用，并讨论了影响其有效性和局限性的因素。偏好建模和量化是决策和感官科学的关键问题。这两个领域都需要真实、无偏的个体反应以及适当的汇总。竞赛通常是多准则问题，由多个决策者进行评估。为了更好地理解消费者偏好并探索复杂的消费者选择，来自其他学科（决策和社会选择理论、运筹学、经济学，例如基于成对比较的排序、AHP、MCDM、图论）的不同方法和软件被改编和传播。除了调查最新趋势外，我们还提出了一些未来研究发展的领域。
