Alkahtani Abdullah M, Alqahtani Abdulah J, Alamri Abdulaziz, Assiry Mohammed Mushabab, Elfaki Mona, Shabi Yahya Mohammed, Hamid Mohamed E
Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Departments of Surgery and Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
PLoS One. 2025 Aug 1;20(8):e0328042. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0328042. eCollection 2025.
Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem causing significant health-related and economic losses. Gram-positive causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are usually underestimated or overlooked by physicians.
To examine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among major gram-positive bacteria from UTIs in a tertiary care health hospital in southern Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional retrospective study was done in a tertiary health setting in southern Saudi Arabia between 2019 and 2022, to identify the major gram-positive bacteria and antibiotic resistance. Data were collected from the hospital records and was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package.
The most common gram-positive species were Enterococcus faecalis (44.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.1%), and Enterococcus faecium (12.9%), beta-hemolytic streptococci (8.4%), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1.8%). The 1540 isolates showed an overall susceptibility of 71.0%, compared to a resistance of 29.0%. The most resistance was among Enterococcus faecium (54.5%), Enterococcus gallinarum (42.4%), Enterococcus faecalis (34.3%), and MRSA (27.2%). The most common resistance was to erythromycin (75.7%), followed by cefotaxime (73.9%), tetracycline (70.5%), ciprofloxacin (54.3%), and Synercid (53.6%). The prediction model indicates an increase in the prevalence of resistance in MRSA and, to a lesser extent, with E. faecalis, E. faecium, and beta-hemolytic streptococci.
Enterococcus faecalis was the predominant gram-positive species, surpassing Staphylococcus aureus. Almost remarkable resistance was observed to most of the antibiotics that are frequently used in the study area, mainly erythromycin, cefotaxime, and tetracycline. Performing continuous monitoring of drug susceptibility may help with the empirical treatment of bacterial agents in the region.
抗生素耐药性是一个全球性问题，会造成重大的健康相关损失和经济损失。医生通常会低估或忽视革兰氏阳性菌引起的尿路感染（UTIs）。
研究沙特阿拉伯南部一家三级医疗保健医院中，尿路感染主要革兰氏阳性菌的抗生素耐药性流行情况。
2019年至2022年期间，在沙特阿拉伯南部的一家三级医疗机构开展了一项横断面回顾性研究，以确定主要的革兰氏阳性菌和抗生素耐药性。数据从医院记录中收集，并使用SPSS统计软件包进行分析。
最常见的革兰氏阳性菌是粪肠球菌（44.7%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（15.1%）、屎肠球菌（12.9%）、β溶血性链球菌（8.4%）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）（1.8%）。1540株分离菌的总体药敏率为71.0%，耐药率为29.0%。耐药性最高的是屎肠球菌（54.5%）、鹑鸡肠球菌（42.4%）、粪肠球菌（34.3%）和MRSA（27.2%）。最常见的耐药菌是对红霉素（75.7%），其次是头孢噻肟（73.9%）、四环素（70.5%）、环丙沙星（54.3%）和达福普汀/奎奴普丁（53.6%）。预测模型表明，MRSA以及在较小程度上粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌和β溶血性链球菌的耐药率有所上升。
粪肠球菌是主要的革兰氏阳性菌，超过了金黄色葡萄球菌。在研究区域中，几乎所有常用抗生素都观察到了显著的耐药性，主要是红霉素、头孢噻肟和四环素。持续监测药物敏感性可能有助于该地区细菌病原体的经验性治疗。
