Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of JAK Inhibitors in Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of JAK inhibitors in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis using data from studies in real-world settings.

DESIGN

Systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled estimates for effectiveness and safety were assessed using the Freeman-Tukey Double ArcSine method. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I statistics. A random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method) was applied to consider the heterogeneity within and between studies and to give a more conservative estimate. The study quality assessment tools developed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute were used.

DATA SOURCE

Relevant studies were searched in March 2025 using four databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

Studies evaluating the effectiveness or safety of systemic JAK inhibitors among patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in a real-world setting were included.

RESULTS

A total of 50 studies were included in this review. Regarding their effectiveness, the pooled estimates with a 95% CI of Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI)-75 were 44% (34%-55%), 45% (28%-62%), 59% (51%-66%), 73% (64%-81%), 70% (57%-81%), and 86% (72%-96%) at 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 52 weeks. For safety, the most common adverse events were acne (16%), followed by increased creatine phosphokinase levels (13%) and increased lipids (12%).

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis of JAK inhibitors in patients with atopic dermatitis demonstrated that the overall outcomes from real-world settings are comparable to those from clinical trials.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

Protocol Registration: PROSPERO CRD42024569258.