Rognmo Kamilla, Opdal Ida Marie, Handegård Bjørn Helge, Horsch Alexander, Lillevoll Kjersti, Furberg Anne-Sofie, Nielsen Christopher Sivert, Morseth Bente
Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Health and Nursing Science, UiA - University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 2;25(1):2617. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23902-x.
The potential for physical activity to prevent or alleviate mental distress among adolescents is unclear, partially due to a lack of studies using objective measurements of physical activity. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between self-reported and device-based measurements of physical activity and mental distress among adolescents. A second aim is to explore the degree to which the relationship differs according to physical activity measurement method.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Norwegian population-based Fit Futures study in 2010-11 and 2012-13 were used. Mean age of the participants was 16.2 years at baseline. Physical activity was measured by self-report and by accelerometer. Mental distress was self-reported. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the association between physical activity and mental distress, adjusted by demographic, health and life-style variables and peer acceptance.
Using cross-sectional data, self-reported physical activity and objectively measured minutes in moderate to vigorous physical activity were negatively associated with mental distress, up until inclusion of peer acceptance as a covariate in the fully adjusted model. After adjusting for peer acceptance, all but three effects were non-significant. Neither self-reported nor objectively measured physical activity at baseline was significantly related to mental distress at follow-up, after adjusting for baseline mental distress.
Cross-sectionally, both self-reported and objectively measured moderate to vigorous physical activity were significantly related to lower mental distress, but adjusting for peer acceptance rendered the associations mainly non-significant. This finding highlights the important role played by social factors among adolescents, possibly impacting both depressive symptoms and physical activity levels. Physical activity at baseline was not related to mental distress at follow-up, adjusted for baseline mental distress, neither for device-based nor self-reported physical activity.
体育活动预防或减轻青少年心理困扰的潜力尚不清楚，部分原因是缺乏使用体育活动客观测量方法的研究。本研究的目的是调查青少年自我报告的和基于设备测量的体育活动与心理困扰之间的横断面和纵向关系。第二个目的是探讨这种关系根据体育活动测量方法的不同程度。
使用了来自2010 - 11年和2012 - 13年挪威基于人群的“健康未来”研究的横断面和纵向数据。参与者在基线时的平均年龄为16.2岁。体育活动通过自我报告和加速度计进行测量。心理困扰通过自我报告。使用多元线性回归分析来分析体育活动与心理困扰之间的关联，并根据人口统计学、健康和生活方式变量以及同伴接纳情况进行调整。
使用横断面数据，在完全调整模型中纳入同伴接纳作为协变量之前，自我报告的体育活动和客观测量的中度至剧烈体育活动分钟数与心理困扰呈负相关。在调整同伴接纳情况后，除三个效应外，所有效应均无统计学意义。在调整基线心理困扰后，基线时自我报告的和客观测量的体育活动与随访时的心理困扰均无显著相关性。
横断面来看，自我报告的和客观测量的中度至剧烈体育活动均与较低的心理困扰显著相关，但调整同伴接纳情况后，这些关联大多无统计学意义。这一发现凸显了社会因素在青少年中所起的重要作用，可能对抑郁症状和体育活动水平都有影响。在调整基线心理困扰后，基线时的体育活动与随访时的心理困扰无关，无论是基于设备测量的还是自我报告的体育活动。
