Tahir Nimra, Elahi Minhas, Aslam Rimsha, Quraishi Umar Masood
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2025 Jun;31(6):931-958. doi: 10.1007/s12298-025-01615-0. Epub 2025 Jul 7.
This study evaluates the potential of green-synthesized curcumin nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) for mitigating arsenic (As) stress in wheat cultivars Barani-70 and NARC-09. Cur-NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry, XRD (36 nm), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), revealing well-dispersed, amorphous structures and functional groups. Both cultivars were subjected to 10 mg/L arsenic stress and treated with Cur-NPs at 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L through soil and foliar applications. Cur-NPs reduced arsenic uptake by up to 65.01% in leaves and 77.32% in roots. Cur-NP treatments lowered MDA by 50% and HO by 14%. Antioxidant enzyme activities improved; superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 13%, peroxidase (POD) by 5%, and catalase (CAT) by 0.5%. Proline content rose by 47%, enhancing osmoprotection. Chlorophyll a and b increased by 24% and 67%, respectively, while carotenoid content rose by 82%. Agronomic traits improved significantly, with plant height increasing by 69.6%, grain yield by 141.3%, and biomass yield by 1260.9%. Starch and total sugar content increased by 155% and 218%, respectively, while protein content rose by up to 225%. Phenolic and flavonoid contents increased by 43% and 37%, strengthening antioxidant defences. These findings underscore the efficacy of Cur-NPs as a sustainable approach to mitigate arsenic toxicity, strengthen antioxidant defence mechanisms, and enhance both physiological traits and agronomic performance in wheat, offering a strong foundation for future field-scale validation and environmental application.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-025-01615-0.
本研究评估了绿色合成姜黄素纳米颗粒（Cur-NPs）缓解小麦品种Barani-70和NARC-09中砷（As）胁迫的潜力。通过紫外可见分光光度法、X射线衍射（XRD，36纳米）、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对Cur-NPs进行了表征，结果显示其具有分散良好的无定形结构和官能团。两个品种均遭受10毫克/升的砷胁迫，并通过土壤和叶面喷施分别用50毫克/升和100毫克/升的Cur-NPs进行处理。Cur-NPs使叶片中的砷吸收量降低了65.01%，根中的砷吸收量降低了77.32%。Cur-NP处理使丙二醛（MDA）降低了50%，过氧化氢（HO）降低了14%。抗氧化酶活性提高；超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）增加了13%，过氧化物酶（POD）增加了5%，过氧化氢酶（CAT）增加了0.5%。脯氨酸含量增加了47%，增强了渗透保护作用。叶绿素a和叶绿素b分别增加了24%和67%，而类胡萝卜素含量增加了82%。农艺性状显著改善，株高增加了69.6%，籽粒产量增加了141.3%，生物量产量增加了1260.9%。淀粉和总糖含量分别增加了155%和218%，而蛋白质含量增加了高达225%。酚类和黄酮类含量分别增加了43%和37%，增强了抗氧化防御能力。这些发现强调了Cur-NPs作为一种可持续方法减轻砷毒性、增强抗氧化防御机制以及改善小麦生理性状和农艺性能的有效性，为未来的田间规模验证和环境应用提供了坚实基础。
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