Manske Robert C, Wolfe Chris, Page Phil, Voight Michael
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2025 Aug 1;20(8):1286-1291. doi: 10.26603/001c.142362. eCollection 2025.
The anterior upper arm is composed of the biceps brachii, the coracobrachialis and the brachialis muscles. Collectively, these 3 muscles flex the elbow. The brachialis is known as the workhorse of the elbow as it functions the same despite rotation of the forearm due to its distal attachment on the ulna. The brachialis sits anatomically directly dorsal to the biceps brachii. Although brachialis muscle injuries are rare, they can occur from either contusions or from repetitive overuse. Diagnostic musculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound offers a portable, real-time, and cost-effective alternative that is gaining traction in rehabilitation and sports medicine settings. MSK ultrasound has emerged as a valuable, non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating brachialis injuries including tissue hypertrophy or structural changes and damage in the upper and anterior forearm. MSK ultrasound is adept at detecting changes in tendon tissue composition and integrity. Furthermore, this manuscript will review the utility of MSK ultrasound in evaluating the brachialis muscle including its anatomy, common injury patterns, sonographic techniques, and clinical implications for professional rehabilitation. By integrating MSK ultrasound into clinical practice, providers can improve the accuracy of diagnosis, enhance diagnostic confidence, monitor healing progression, and guide rehabilitation strategies to optimal patient outcomes.
上臂前部由肱二头肌、肱肌和喙肱肌组成。这三块肌肉共同作用可使肘关节屈曲。肱肌被称为肘关节的主要动力肌，因为尽管前臂旋转，由于其远端附着于尺骨，其功能保持不变。肱肌在解剖学上位于肱二头肌的正后方。虽然肱肌损伤很少见，但可能由挫伤或反复过度使用引起。诊断性肌肉骨骼（MSK）超声提供了一种便携、实时且经济高效的替代方法，在康复和运动医学领域越来越受到关注。MSK超声已成为一种有价值的非侵入性成像方式，用于评估肱肌损伤，包括组织肥大或结构变化以及前臂上部和前部的损伤。MSK超声擅长检测肌腱组织成分和完整性的变化。此外，本文将综述MSK超声在评估肱肌方面的应用，包括其解剖结构、常见损伤模式、超声检查技术以及对专业康复的临床意义。通过将MSK超声纳入临床实践，医疗服务提供者可以提高诊断准确性，增强诊断信心，监测愈合进程，并指导康复策略以实现最佳患者预后。
