van de Burgt Nikita A, Kulsvehagen Laila, Mané-Damas Marina, Lutz Luc, Lecourt Anne-Catherine, Monserrat Clara, Vinke Anita M, Küçükali Cem I, Zong Shenghua, Hoffmann Carolin, González-Vioque Emiliano, Arango Celso, Leibold Nicole K, Losen Mario, Molenaar Peter C, Tüzün Erdem, van Beveren Nico J M, Mané Anna, Rouhl Rob P W, van Amelsvoort Therese A M J, Pröbstel Anne-Katrin, Martinez-Martinez Pilar
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences (FHML), Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Front Neurol. 2025 Jul 18;16:1593042. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1593042. eCollection 2025.
The presence of autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a hallmark of MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), a recently defined demyelinating disease entity presenting with core clinical features of optic neuritis, myelitis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Although MOG antibodies have also been described in a small number of patients with other conditions, including mental disorders, their prevalence and clinical specificity in patients with isolated psychotic symptoms remain unclear. Here, we screened sera from 262 patients with at least one psychotic episode and 166 control subjects for the presence of MOG antibodies of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype with a live cell-based assay. Serum reactivity to additional antigens was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Four patients, representing 1.5% of the patient cohort, and one control individual, representing. 0.6% of the healthy control cohort, were seropositive for MOG-IgG antibodies. Of the four MOG-IgG seropositive patients, three experienced visual hallucinations. Overall, MOG antibodies were detected at a low frequency in patients with psychotic episodes. While we cannot exclude the possibility of false-positive results or seroconversion due to secondary myelin damage, the association with visual hallucinations in three out of four MOG-IgG seropositive patients may point toward an underlying autoimmune etiology.
抗髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）自身抗体的存在是MOG抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）的标志，MOGAD是一种最近定义的脱髓鞘疾病实体，具有视神经炎、脊髓炎和急性播散性脑脊髓炎的核心临床特征。尽管在少数患有其他疾病（包括精神障碍）的患者中也发现了MOG抗体，但它们在患有孤立性精神病症状患者中的患病率和临床特异性仍不清楚。在此，我们采用基于活细胞的检测方法，对262例至少有一次精神病发作的患者和166例对照受试者的血清进行筛查，以检测免疫球蛋白G（IgG）同种型的MOG抗体。通过免疫组织化学评估血清对其他抗原的反应性。4例患者（占患者队列的1.5%）和1例对照个体（占健康对照队列的0.6%）的MOG-IgG抗体血清学检测呈阳性。在4例MOG-IgG血清学检测呈阳性的患者中，3例出现视幻觉。总体而言，在有精神病发作的患者中，MOG抗体的检测频率较低。虽然我们不能排除由于继发性髓鞘损伤导致假阳性结果或血清转化的可能性，但4例MOG-IgG血清学检测呈阳性的患者中有3例与视幻觉相关，这可能指向潜在的自身免疫病因。
