Sotillo Samantha, Viall Austin K, Palerme Jean-Sebastien, Ward Jessica L
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Sep-Oct;39(5):e70205. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70205.
The relationship between fluid characteristics and cause of cavitary effusions is incompletely characterized.
HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Describe fluid characteristics and cytologic classification of cavitary effusions in dogs and cats.
A total of 269 dogs and 107 cats with cytologic fluid analysis of cavitary effusion.
Retrospective medical record review (2016-2020). Differences among groups were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis testing with post hoc pairwise Dunn's or Fisher's Exact testing.
In dogs, peritoneal transudates most frequently were caused by decreased oncotic pressure (DOP; 63%, p < 0.001) and modified transudates by increased hydrostatic pressure (IHP; 41%, p < 0.001). Peritoneal exudates more frequently were caused by increased vascular permeability (IVP; 40%), ruptured viscera (35%), or neoplasia (23%) compared with IHP or DOP (p < 0.01 for all). Pleural transudates in dogs most frequently were caused by DOP (79%, p < 0.001) and modified transudates by IHP (33%) or neoplasia (29%). Pleural exudates were more likely to be caused by neoplasia (52%) or IVP (36%) compared with IHP or DOP (p < 0.001). In cats, peritoneal effusions commonly were caused by IVP or neoplasia, and pleural effusions by IHP or neoplasia. No statistical relationship was found between cytologic category and cause of effusion in cats.
Cytologic classification and fluid characteristics are most predictive of disease process in peritoneal effusions in dogs, whereas effusions in cats have substantial overlap across causes.
空洞性积液的液体特征与病因之间的关系尚未完全明确。
假设/目的：描述犬猫空洞性积液的液体特征和细胞学分类。
共有269只犬和107只猫进行了空洞性积液的细胞学液体分析。
回顾性病历审查（2016 - 2020年）。使用Kruskal - Wallis检验及事后成对Dunn检验或Fisher精确检验评估组间差异。
在犬中，腹腔漏出液最常见的病因是血浆胶体渗透压降低（DOP；63%，p < 0.001），而改良漏出液的病因是静水压升高（IHP；41%，p < 0.001）。与IHP或DOP相比，腹腔渗出液更常见的病因是血管通透性增加（IVP；40%）、脏器破裂（35%）或肿瘤（23%）（所有p < 0.01）。犬胸腔漏出液最常见的病因是DOP（79%，p < 0.001），改良漏出液的病因是IHP（33%）或肿瘤（29%）。与IHP或DOP相比，胸腔渗出液更可能由肿瘤（52%）或IVP（36%）引起（p < 0.001）。在猫中，腹腔积液常见病因是IVP或肿瘤，胸腔积液常见病因是IHP或肿瘤。在猫中，未发现细胞学类别与积液病因之间存在统计学关系。
细胞学分类和液体特征对犬腹腔积液的疾病进程最具预测性，而猫的积液病因之间存在大量重叠。
