Kumar Ravinder, Srivastava Vartika, Ahmad Aijaz, Mandal Santi M, Baindara Piyush
Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2025 Aug 4:1-16. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2025.2536808.
Despite their tremendous benefits to society, currently licensed vaccines, including mRNA-based ones, are far from ideal and suffer several issues. Common problems associated with all types of vaccine formulations currently in clinical use include thermolabile nature, poor shelf life at ambient temperature, and the continuous need for cold chain and sometimes ultra-low temperature. Several approaches have been tested in the past to surmount these shortcomings. This review discusses the advantages of whole yeast (WY) or whole recombinant yeast-based (WRY) vaccines compared to other vaccine formulations to overcome the above-mentioned issues. The interaction between yeast cells and the host immune system in relevance to the WRY vaccines has been discussed along with the importance of whole yeast cells in the development of anti-fungal vaccines by highlighting the bottlenecks hampering the use of WRY in vaccine formulation. Specifically, the present review highlighted the status of WRY vaccines, including those in clinical trials, and also summarized the guidelines, one should follow while conducting research or reporting the data related to WRY vaccines.
尽管目前已获许可的疫苗，包括基于信使核糖核酸的疫苗，对社会有巨大益处，但远非理想，存在若干问题。当前临床使用的所有类型疫苗制剂常见的问题包括热不稳定性质、常温下保质期短，以及持续需要冷链，有时还需要超低温。过去已经测试了几种方法来克服这些缺点。本综述讨论了全酵母（WY）或全重组酵母（WRY）疫苗相较于其他疫苗制剂在克服上述问题方面的优势。结合WRY疫苗，讨论了酵母细胞与宿主免疫系统之间的相互作用，同时通过强调阻碍WRY用于疫苗制剂的瓶颈，突出了全酵母细胞在抗真菌疫苗开发中的重要性。具体而言，本综述强调了WRY疫苗的现状，包括那些处于临床试验阶段的疫苗，还总结了在开展与WRY疫苗相关的研究或报告数据时应遵循的指南。
