Safety and efficacy of transradial versus transfemoral access in coil embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: One-Year outcomes from a multicenter propensity Score-Matched cohort.

The transradial approach (TRA) reduces access site complications (ASCs) compared with the transfemoral approach (TFA) in neuroendovascular procedures. However, its stability of efficacy after unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) embolization remains unclear. This study aimed to compare recanalization rates, safety, and procedural outcomes between TFA and TRA.We retrospectively analyzed 425 saccular UIAs (413 patients) treated with initial coil embolization at three institutions between March 2021 and September 2023. Patients were classified into TFA and TRA groups. A propensity score-matched analysis controlled for clinical, anatomical, and procedural variables. Recanalization and safety outcomes were assessed at a 1-year follow-up.Of the 425 aneurysms, embolization was performed via the TFA in 354 cases (83%) and via the TRA in 71 cases (17%). A total of 62 matched pairs from the TFA and TRA groups were identified using propensity score matching. There was no significant difference in the recanalization rate between the two groups: 6.5% in the TFA group (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-15.4%) and 8.1% in the TRA group (95% CI, 3.5-17.5%; P = 1.00). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in the rate of re-treatment, Raymond-Roy occlusion classification immediately after treatment, or the immediate post-procedural volume embolization ratio. In contrast, the overall incidence of ASCs was significantly higher in the TFA group, occurring in 15% of patients (95% CI, 7.8-25.3%) compared with 1.6% in the TRA group (95% CI, 0.3-8.6%; P = 0.02).While recanalization and other procedural outcomes were comparable between TRA and TFA, the significantly lower rate of ASCs associated with TRA highlights its clinical advantage. These findings support the adoption of TRA as a safer and equally effective alternative to TFA for coil embolization of UIAs.