Spektor D M, Hunt P R, Rosenthal F, Lippmann M
Exp Lung Res. 1985;9(3-4):363-87. doi: 10.3109/01902148509057534.
Tests of aerosol deposition with breath holding and of lung function were performed on the excised lungs of three donkeys following regional in vivo radioaerosol deposition tests. Corrosion casts were made of the lungs to determine the dimensions of the tracheobronchial (TB) tree, and histological sections were taken to determine average alveolar airspace size. Static lung function tests, i.e., static compliance and specific compliance (Cstat and Cspec), agreed well with the predicted and reported in vivo values, as did the slope of Phase III from the single breath nitrogen washout (SBNW). Dynamic tests, i.e., dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and pulmonary resistance (Rpulm), displayed larger inter- and intra-subject variation, and showed poor agreement with reported in vivo values. Breathholding tests using 0.55 micron diameter aerosol indicated a mean respiratory airspace dimension of 0.16 mm, while the mean alveolar diameter from the lung sections was 0.19 mm. Breathholding tests with 1.18 micron aerosol indicated a mean small airway size of 0.65 mm, corresponding to the sizes of small airways on the corrosion casts. The donkeys have larger central airways but smaller peripheral airways than humans, and greater tracheobronchial deposition efficiency for 5 micron diameter particles. Tracheobronchial deposition in donkeys appears to be concentrated more distally than in humans, and may be related to the monopodal airway branching pattern in the former.
在对三只驴进行区域体内放射性气溶胶沉积测试后，对其离体肺进行了屏气时气溶胶沉积测试和肺功能测试。制作了肺的腐蚀铸型以确定气管支气管（TB）树的尺寸，并取了组织学切片以确定平均肺泡气腔大小。静态肺功能测试，即静态顺应性和比顺应性（Cstat和Cspec），与预测的和报道的体内值吻合良好，单次呼吸氮洗脱（SBNW）的III期斜率也是如此。动态测试，即动态顺应性（Cdyn）和肺阻力（Rpulm），显示出较大的个体间和个体内差异，并且与报道的体内值一致性较差。使用直径0.55微米的气溶胶进行的屏气测试表明平均呼吸气腔尺寸为0.16毫米，而肺切片的平均肺泡直径为0.19毫米。使用1.18微米气溶胶进行的屏气测试表明平均小气道尺寸为0.65毫米，与腐蚀铸型上的小气道尺寸相对应。与人类相比，驴的中央气道更大但外周气道更小，并且对于直径5微米的颗粒具有更高的气管支气管沉积效率。驴的气管支气管沉积似乎比人类更集中在远端，并且可能与前者的单足气道分支模式有关。
