Case Report: -induced rash and mucositis in a child.

RATIONALE

(MP) is a common pathogen responsible for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. MP infection can also induce extrapulmonary manifestations, including mucocutaneous eruptions. -induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) is a relatively newly described entity distinct from erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, MIRM remains underrecognized, with limited cases reported in China.

PATIENT CONCERNS

A previously healthy 10-year-old boy presented with fever, cough, severe mucositis (oral and ocular involvement), and disseminated rash for 5 days.

DIAGNOSES

The patient was diagnosed with -induced rash and mucositis (MIRM), confirmed by clinical presentation and laboratory detection of MP nucleic acid.

INTERVENTIONS

The treatment regimen for the patient included intravenous azithromycin, methylprednisolone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), vitamin C, oral antihistamines, topical treatments for mucosal care, ophthalmic ointment, and calamine lotion. After 1 week, due to a persistent cough and a positive (MP) nucleic acid test, the patient's treatment was transitioned to oral doxycycline.

OUTCOMES

The patient experienced significant clinical improvement after 14 days, with resolution of rash, mucosal lesions, and cough. Follow-up tests confirmed clearance of MP nucleic acid and normalization of inflammatory markers.

LESSONS

MIRM is a distinct mucocutaneous entity associated with MP infection. Pediatricians should recognize its clinical presentation early to provide prompt targeted therapy and supportive care, thus preventing complications.