Lin James C
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 21;13:1619781. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1619781. eCollection 2025.
Concerns about the impacts on the public health and safety of radiofrequency (RF) exposure are increasing with the rapid proliferation of cellular mobile telecommunication systems and devices. There is also lack of confidence surrounding the applicability of stated health safety rules, limits and guidelines for RF exposure including their use for 5G and the expected 6G. This paper: (1) considers the currently promulgated standards for safe human exposure to RF radiation, (2) examines assumptions underlying the standards, (3) describes the roles of the military industrial complex in influencing research on the health effects and standards setting for safety levels, (4) discusses the engagement of an industry-regulatory complex, (5) explains the interaction between ICNIRP and the WHO-EMF, (6) scrutinizes recent publications of WHO-EMF commissioned systematic reviews, and (7) concludes with some observations on an apparent paradigm shift.
随着蜂窝移动通信系统和设备的迅速普及,人们对射频(RF)辐射对公众健康和安全的影响日益担忧。对于规定的射频辐射健康安全规则、限值和指南的适用性,包括其在5G及预期的6G中的应用,也缺乏信心。本文:(1)考虑当前颁布的关于人类安全暴露于射频辐射的标准;(2)审视这些标准背后的假设;(3)描述军工复合体在影响健康影响研究和安全水平标准制定方面的作用;(4)讨论产业 - 监管复合体的参与情况;(5)解释国际非电离辐射防护委员会(ICNIRP)与世卫组织电磁环境(WHO-EMF)之间的互动;(6)审查世卫组织电磁环境委托进行的系统评价的近期出版物;(7)最后对一个明显的范式转变进行一些观察总结。