Wu Yifan, Liang Bidan, Liang Haiying
Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2025 Feb 27;57(7):1081-1092. doi: 10.3724/abbs.2025003.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates cellular processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation and activates various functions of the immune system. This article reports the discovery and characterization of a novel tumor necrosis factor gene in the pearl oyster , which is named . The deduced PmTNF protein sequence displays the typical structural characteristics of a TNF domain, and phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of PmTNF and its putative orthologs shows that they conform to the current taxonomy. Analysis of mRNA expression via real-time PCR reveals its constitutive expression in all the examined tissues, with the highest expression in the gills. Furthermore, expression in the gills varies upon exposure to pathogen-derived stimuli, with modest upregulation in response to lipopolysaccharides, but with significant downregulation in response to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. Nucleus insertion surgery induces an increase in mRNA level in the gills at 12 h postoperation. Knocking down through RNA interference significantly inhibits the expressions of immune-related genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway in the gills by 24 h ( < 0.05). The function of is further characterized by studying the activity of an engineered recombinant PmTNF protein (rPmTNF) . Upon nuclear insertion, treatment with rPmTNF for 6 h upregulates several genes in the NF-κB pathway. Similarly, rPmTNF increases the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione and peroxidase, which reflect the total antioxidant capacity. Collectively, these results indicate that participates in pearl oyster immunity by modulating the NF-κB pathway and activating the antioxidant defense system.
肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）是一种多功能细胞因子，可调节炎症、细胞凋亡、分化和增殖等细胞过程，并激活免疫系统的各种功能。本文报道了在珍珠贝中发现并鉴定了一种新型肿瘤坏死因子基因，该基因被命名为 。推导的PmTNF蛋白序列显示出TNF结构域的典型结构特征，对PmTNF及其假定直系同源物序列的系统发育分析表明它们符合当前的分类学。通过实时PCR分析mRNA表达，发现其在所有检测组织中均组成性表达，在鳃中表达最高。此外，鳃中的 表达在暴露于病原体衍生刺激后会发生变化，对脂多糖有适度上调，但对聚肌苷酸：聚胞苷酸有显著下调。核植入手术在术后12小时诱导鳃中mRNA水平升高。通过RNA干扰敲低 可在24小时内显著抑制鳃中NF-κB信号通路中免疫相关基因的表达（ < 0.05）。通过研究工程重组PmTNF蛋白（rPmTNF）的活性进一步表征了 的功能。核植入后，用rPmTNF处理6小时可上调NF-κB途径中的几个基因。同样，rPmTNF增加了抗氧化酶的活性，包括超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽和过氧化物酶，这反映了总抗氧化能力。总的来说，这些结果表明 通过调节NF-κB途径和激活抗氧化防御系统参与珍珠贝的免疫。
