Prokopenko Yuliya, Surzhykov Ivan, Golovchenko Olha, Mishchenko Volodymyr, Georgiyants Victoriya
National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv 61002, Ukraine.
National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv 61002, Ukraine.
Fitoterapia. 2025 Oct;186:106780. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106780. Epub 2025 Aug 7.
Fumaria officinalis L. has long been valued in traditional medicine across Europe and Asia, where it has played a significant role in indigenous herbal practices. This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the phytochemical composition, pharmacological properties, and potential therapeutic applications of F. officinalis through a modern phytochemistry perspective. Advanced chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques - such as HPLC, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS - have enabled detailed analysis of its complex chemical profile, with a particular focus on isoquinoline alkaloids and phenolic compounds. Protopine, identified as the predominant alkaloid, together with several phenolic constituents, is implicated in the plant's reported anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. A systematic review of literature sourced from major databases including Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect (with an emphasis on studies published within the last decade) was conducted to correlate the chemical composition with pharmacological outcomes. This integration of traditional ethnobotanical knowledge with contemporary analytical methods not only highlights the structural diversity of F. officinalis but also reinforces its potential as a natural source for drug development. The review discusses the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the bioactive compounds, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects. Ultimately, these findings support the notion that F. officinalis is a promising candidate for the development of novel natural therapeutics. Further research should prioritize the isolation of additional bioactive constituents, detailed structure elucidation, and clinical validation to fully exploit its pharmacological potential.
紫堇在欧洲和亚洲的传统医学中一直备受重视，在当地草药实践中发挥了重要作用。本综述旨在从现代植物化学角度全面考察紫堇的植物化学成分、药理特性及潜在治疗应用。先进的色谱和光谱技术，如高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC-MS）和液相色谱 - 串联质谱联用（LC-MS/MS），能够对其复杂的化学特征进行详细分析，尤其关注异喹啉生物碱和酚类化合物。原阿片碱被确定为主要生物碱，连同几种酚类成分，与该植物报道的抗炎、保肝和抗氧化活性有关。对来自主要数据库（包括Scopus、PubMed和ScienceDirect，重点关注过去十年内发表的研究）的文献进行了系统综述，以关联化学成分与药理结果。将传统民族植物学知识与当代分析方法相结合，不仅突出了紫堇的结构多样性，还强化了其作为药物开发天然来源的潜力。该综述讨论了生物活性化合物的定量和定性方面，阐明了它们的作用机制和潜在协同效应。最终，这些发现支持紫堇是开发新型天然疗法的有前途候选者这一观点。进一步的研究应优先分离更多生物活性成分、详细阐明结构并进行临床验证，以充分挖掘其药理潜力。
