Khan Muhammad Shahzeb, Schmidt Anna Maria
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Sep;321(Pt 4):146410. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.146410. Epub 2025 Aug 6.
In this study, chitosan tea waste composite (CS/TW) bead-based adsorbent was prepared by coalescing tea waste and chitosan for wastewater treatment. The composite was characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TGA, and BET to assess its structure, surface morphology, thermal stability, and surface area. The sorption performance has been examined using methylene blue (MB), Congo red (CR), naphthalene (Naph), and phenanthrene (Phen) as model pollutants. The adsorption of dyes was very rapid, especially for MB, which achieved equilibrium within one minute, whereas PAHs showed slower adsorption kinetics. Kinetic analysis indicated that MB and PAHs followed the pseudo-second-order model, while CR fit well with both the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Isothermal studies indicated that the Sips model best described the adsorption of CR and PAHs, whereas MB was a better fit in Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacities for MB, CR, Naph, and Phen were 395.01, 173.51, 96.32, and 14.51 mg g, respectively. The adsorbent demonstrated pH dependence in removal efficiency and various responses to salt and humic acid interferences. Even after five regeneration cycles, CS/TW maintained over 95.43 % removal efficiency for MB, and a moderate decrease was noted for Naph, indicating good reusability and stability. The composite beads also removed target pollutants from real water samples collected from the Baltic Sea, Vistula River, and municipal sources. These findings highlight the potential of CS/TW beads as an economical and environmentally friendly material for efficient and reusable wastewater treatment approaches.
在本研究中，通过将茶渣与壳聚糖聚结制备了壳聚糖茶渣复合（CS/TW）珠基吸附剂用于废水处理。使用XRD、FTIR、SEM、TGA和BET对该复合材料进行表征，以评估其结构、表面形态、热稳定性和表面积。使用亚甲基蓝（MB）、刚果红（CR）、萘（Naph）和菲（Phen）作为模型污染物考察了吸附性能。染料的吸附非常迅速，尤其是MB，在一分钟内达到平衡，而多环芳烃（PAHs）的吸附动力学较慢。动力学分析表明，MB和PAHs遵循准二级模型，而CR与准一级和准二级模型均拟合良好。等温线研究表明，Sips模型最能描述CR和PAHs的吸附，而MB更适合Freundlich模型。MB、CR、Naph和Phen的最大吸附容量分别为395.01、173.51、96.32和14.51 mg/g。吸附剂在去除效率上表现出pH依赖性，并且对盐和腐殖酸干扰有不同的响应。即使经过五个再生循环，CS/TW对MB的去除效率仍保持在95.43%以上，Naph的去除效率有适度下降，表明其具有良好的可重复使用性和稳定性。复合珠还从波罗的海、维斯瓦河和城市水源采集的实际水样中去除了目标污染物。这些发现突出了CS/TW珠作为一种经济且环保的材料用于高效且可重复使用的废水处理方法的潜力。
