Boparai Montek S, Gordon Jacob, Bajrami Sandi, Alamuri Tharun, Lee Ryan, Duong Tim Q
Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony, Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 6;15(1):28728. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14617-5.
COVID-19 can trigger new cardiovascular events, including hypertension, in the acute setting. However, few studies have reported sustained new-onset hypertension post-infection. Moreover, these studies have a small sample size, inadequate controls, and a short (< 1 year) follow-up time. This retrospective cohort study of 64,000 COVID-19 patients) from the Stony Brook Health System assessed the incidence and risk factors for new-onset hypertension after COVID-19. Contemporary COVID-negative controls were obtained and propensity-matched for age, race, sex, ethnicity, and major comorbidities before analyzing outcomes. The primary outcome was new-onset hypertension up to 3 years post-index date. About 9.93% of hospitalized patients and 4.66% of non-hospitalized patients developed new-onset hypertension after COVID-19. Hospitalized COVID-positive patients were more likely to develop hypertension compared to COVID-negative controls (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.57, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] [1.35-1.81]) and non-hospitalized COVID-positive controls (HR: 1.42, 95%CI [1.24-1.63]). Non-hospitalized COVID-positive patients were not more likely to develop hypertension than COVID-negative controls (HR: 1.05, 95%CI [0.98-1.13]). COVID-19 was one of the five greatest risk factors for developing hypertension. COVID-19 patients are at increased risk of developing hypertension beyond the acute phase of the disease compared to controls. Long-term follow-up, holistic workups, and vigilant blood pressure screening and/or monitoring for COVID-19 patients are needed.
新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）在急性期可引发包括高血压在内的新发心血管事件。然而，鲜有研究报道感染后持续性新发高血压情况。此外，这些研究样本量小、对照不充分且随访时间短（<1年）。这项对来自石溪医疗系统的64000例COVID-19患者的回顾性队列研究，评估了COVID-19后新发高血压的发病率及危险因素。在分析结果前，获取了当代COVID阴性对照，并根据年龄、种族、性别、族裔和主要合并症进行倾向匹配。主要结局为索引日期后3年内的新发高血压。约9.93%的住院患者和4.66%的非住院患者在COVID-19后出现新发高血压。与COVID阴性对照（风险比[HR]=1.57，95%置信区间[CI][1.35-1.81]）和非住院COVID阳性对照（HR：1.42，95%CI[1.24-1.63]）相比，住院COVID阳性患者更易发生高血压。非住院COVID阳性患者发生高血压的可能性并不高于COVID阴性对照（HR：1.05，95%CI[0.98-1.13]）。COVID-19是发生高血压的五大危险因素之一。与对照组相比，COVID-19患者在疾病急性期之后发生高血压的风险增加。需要对COVID-19患者进行长期随访、全面检查以及进行血压筛查和/或监测。
