Izadi Yazdan, Nabipour Majid, Ranjbar Gholamhassan
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 7;15(1):28850. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15008-6.
Fodder production in saline environments requires salt-tolerant plants. This study investigated the potential of the halophyte Salicornia persica ecotypes as a fodder crop under seawater salinity by examining its physiological and biochemical responses. The effects of varying salinity levels [control (0.96 dS.m), and 10, 20, and 40 dS.m, achieved by diluting Persian Gulf water] on growth, yield, stomatal exchange rate, photosynthetic traits, and qualitative fodder characteristics were evaluated. Three S. persica accessions collected in Iran (Central Plateau, Urmia, and Bushehr) were included. The results showed that, among the tested ecotypes, Central Plateau and Urmia exhibited the most desirable interaction with the 10 dS.m salinity treatment, highlighting a beneficial combination of ecotype and salinity level. Regarding growth characteristics, plant height and forage yield were highest at 10 dS.m and lowest at 40 dS.m salinity. In terms of forage quality, the Bushehr accession under non-stress conditions and the Central Plateau accession at 20 dS.m exhibited the highest nitrogen and crude protein percentages. The 10 and 20 dS.m salinity treatments displayed more favorable forage quality profiles, whereas the 40 dS.m treatment resulted in elevated fiber and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) percentages, potentially reduces fodder palatability for livestock. These findings suggest that the Central Plateau and Urmia ecotypes demonstrate significant potential for forage production in saline environments. These ecotypes are a promising option for cultivation in coastal areas, particularly with irrigation using Persian Gulf seawater at a salinity of 10-20 dS.m.
在盐碱环境中生产饲料需要耐盐植物。本研究通过检测盐生植物波斯海蓬子生态型在海水盐度下的生理和生化反应，来探究其作为饲料作物的潜力。评估了不同盐度水平[对照（0.96 dS.m），以及通过稀释波斯湾海水获得的10、20和40 dS.m]对生长、产量、气孔交换率、光合特性和饲料品质特性的影响。研究纳入了在伊朗收集的三个波斯海蓬子种质（中部高原、乌尔米耶、布什尔）。结果表明，在测试的生态型中，中部高原和乌尔米耶与10 dS.m盐度处理表现出最理想的相互作用，突出了生态型和盐度水平的有益组合。关于生长特性，株高和牧草产量在盐度为10 dS.m时最高，在40 dS.m时最低。在饲料质量方面，非胁迫条件下的布什尔种质和盐度为20 dS.m时的中部高原种质的氮和粗蛋白百分比最高。10和20 dS.m的盐度处理显示出更有利的饲料质量特征，而40 dS.m的处理导致纤维和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）百分比升高，可能会降低家畜对饲料的适口性。这些发现表明，中部高原和乌尔米耶生态型在盐碱环境中具有显著的饲料生产潜力。这些生态型是沿海地区种植的一个有前景的选择，特别是使用盐度为10 - 20 dS.m的波斯湾海水进行灌溉时。
