Correlation between abdominal visceral fat and the risk of endometrial cancer in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the correlation between abdominal fat and the occurrence risk of endometrial cancer (EC) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

METHODS

The clinical information of 120 PCOS patients receiving treatment in our hospital from March 2019 to April 2022 were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups, endometrial cancer (EC, n=35) and normal group (NM, n=85). Statistical analysis included t-test, c2-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. We analysed the data using logistic regression. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the prediction model were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration curves.

RESULTS

The incidence rate of EC in women with PCOS is 10.91% (12/110). Significant differences were found in waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), visceral fat area (VFA) oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), estradiol (E2), and luteinizing hormone (LH) between the two groups (P<0.05). No statistical difference was found in age, hip circumference, menopause, use of intrauterine device, progesterone (P) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) between the groups (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, HOMA-IR, VFA and HER2 were independent influencing factors of EC in PCOS patients (P<0.05). The AUC of BMI, HOMA-IR, VFA, HER2 were 0.878 (95%CI: 0.8100.946), 0.831 (95%CI: 0.7510.911), 0.816 (95%CI: 0.704~0.929) and 0.737 (95%CI: 0.634,0.840), respectively. The model had more diagnostic effectiveness (AUC=0.973).

CONCLUSIONS

In PCOS disease, high-level BMI, HOMA-IR, VFA, and positive HER2 show an increased risk in the incidence of EC. These findings suggest that BMI, HOMA-IR, VFA, and HER2 are potential markers for Risk assessment of EC.HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, E2: estradiol, P: progesterone, LH: Luteinizing hormone, FSH: Follicle-stimulating hormone.