Besser Lilah M, Le Elaine, Tourelle Madeleine, O'Shea Deirdre M, Mitsova Diana, Galvin James E
Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, 7700 W Camino Real, Suite 200, Boca Raton, FL, 33433, USA.
Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, 7700 W Camino Real, Suite 200, Boca Raton, FL, 33433, USA.
Health Place. 2025 Aug 7;95:103502. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103502.
The 20-min neighborhood (20 MN) concept, aimed at fostering livable communities, has garnered increasing attention among urban planners and policy makers. 20 MNs provide most daily needs (e.g., grocery, parks) within a 20-min walk of home. Among 352 older adults in the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI), we examined whether 20 MN measures were associated with resilience against future cognitive impairment/dementia measured via the Resilience Index (RI), as well as with structural magnetic resonance imaging measures (i.e., hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume). We calculated density of destinations within a 20-min walk of home across seven domains (i.e., social destinations, dining places, shopping/retail, grocery/supermarkets, healthcare facilities, parks, and transit availability) and created a dichotomous 20 MN variable (≥1 destination within a 20-min walk in all seven domains, yes versus no). In multivariable linear regression analyses, greater density of parks, greater density of grocery/supermarkets, and living in a 20 MN were associated lower WMH volumes. Our study suggests brain health benefits for older adults with greater densities of grocery and park destinations within a 20-min walk of home, as well as those living in 20 MNs. Future studies corroborating our findings for beneficial associations between 20 MNs and brain health would provide significant policy implications for dementia prevention.
旨在促进宜居社区发展的“20分钟邻里社区”（20 MN）概念，在城市规划者和政策制定者中受到了越来越多的关注。20 MN社区能在离家20分钟步行范围内满足大多数日常需求（如杂货店、公园）。在“健康大脑计划”（HBI）的352名老年人中，我们研究了20 MN指标是否与通过复原力指数（RI）衡量的未来认知障碍/痴呆症的复原力相关，以及是否与结构磁共振成像指标（即海马体体积、白质高信号（WMH）体积）相关。我们计算了离家20分钟步行范围内七个领域（即社交场所、就餐场所、购物/零售、杂货店/超市、医疗设施、公园和交通便利性）的目的地密度，并创建了一个二分的20 MN变量（在所有七个领域中，20分钟步行范围内至少有一个目的地，是与否）。在多变量线性回归分析中，公园密度越高、杂货店/超市密度越高以及居住在20 MN社区与较低的WMH体积相关。我们的研究表明，对于离家20分钟步行范围内杂货店和公园目的地密度较高的老年人以及居住在20 MN社区的老年人，大脑健康有益。未来证实我们关于20 MN社区与大脑健康之间有益关联研究结果的研究，将为痴呆症预防提供重要的政策启示。
