Zhang Zhen, Liu Miao, An Yu, Gao Chongqing, Wang Tao, Zhang Zhi, Zhang Guixiang, Li Shuo, Li Wei, Li Mengjia, Wang Gangcheng
Department of Abdominal and Pelvic Tumor Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
J Transl Med. 2025 Aug 8;23(1):888. doi: 10.1186/s12967-025-06896-3.
The immune microenvironment plays a critical role in pathogenesis and treatment response of cervical cancer. This review comprehensively examines the cellular and molecular components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in cervical cancer, encompassing patterns of immune cell infiltration (T cells, B cells, NK cells, DCs, TAMs), immune checkpoint molecules, and cytokine/chemokine networks. We emphasize recent advances in understanding TIME heterogeneity, enabled by high-resolution spatial mapping and single-cell sequencing technologies, focusing specifically on differences across disease stages and treatment approaches. The review systematically evaluates immunotherapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapies, and therapeutic vaccines, discussing their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and challenges. By synthesizing insights from both preclinical and clinical studies, our aim is to offer a translational perspective on targeting the TIME to enhance outcomes for cervical cancer patients.
免疫微环境在宫颈癌的发病机制和治疗反应中起着关键作用。本综述全面研究了宫颈癌肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的细胞和分子成分，包括免疫细胞浸润模式（T细胞、B细胞、NK细胞、树突状细胞、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞）、免疫检查点分子以及细胞因子/趋化因子网络。我们强调了通过高分辨率空间映射和单细胞测序技术在理解TIME异质性方面取得的最新进展，特别关注不同疾病阶段和治疗方法之间的差异。该综述系统评估了免疫治疗策略，如免疫检查点抑制剂、过继性细胞疗法和治疗性疫苗，讨论了它们的作用机制、临床疗效和挑战。通过综合临床前和临床研究的见解，我们的目标是提供一个关于靶向TIME以改善宫颈癌患者预后的转化视角。
