Arlanzon-Lope Pablo, Fernandez-Pedruelo Daniel, Alvarez-Arauzo Belén, Cuadrado-Asensio Ruben, Del Alamo-Martin Maria Teresa, Coco-Martin Rosa Maria
Grupo de Investigación de Retina, Instituto de OftalmoBiología Aplicada (IOBA), Departamento de Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, (Facultad de Medicina), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación de Retina, Instituto de OftalmoBiología Aplicada (IOBA), Departamento de Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, (Facultad de Medicina), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
J Optom. 2025 Aug 9;18(4):100571. doi: 10.1016/j.optom.2025.100571.
To evaluate visual disability (VD) and associated functional limitations in a Spanish High Myopia (HM) cohort using various disability scales and to identify the main causes of this disability and its impact on daily life.
This observational study reviewed HM (spherical equivalent (SE)≤-6 D) adults clinical records at IOBA from January 2023 to June 2024. Exclusion criteria included incomplete data and having different pathologies other than pathologic myopia. VD was classified using ICD-10, ICD-11, and Wecker scales. R was used for statistical analysis.
We analysed 600 eyes from 300 patients (73.7 % women, mean age 57.6 ± 15.3 years, mean SE -13.04 ± 6.03 D, mean LogMAR visual acuity 0.52 ± 0.72). According to ICD-11, 7.6 % had mild VD, 12.3 % moderate, 4.7 % severe, and 2.7 % were blind. Wecker scale showed 46.7 % had VD. VD patients were older (p-value= 5.81 × 10) and had more negative SE (p-value=7.96 × 10). No sex differences in VD or pathology frequency were found. Myopic macular atrophy (MMA) (OR=7.816), retinal detachment (OR=3.956), amblyopia (OR=3.455), neovascularization (OR=2.668), SE (OR=1.115), and age (OR=1.040) were statistically significant key factors (p-value<0.05) for greater VD.
This study highlights a significant VD in a Spanish HM cohort being MMA the main cause. Age and SE were found to be relevant factors, as well.This helps to indentify patients more in need of visual rehabilitation.
使用多种残疾量表评估西班牙高度近视（HM）队列中的视力残疾（VD）及相关功能限制，并确定这种残疾的主要原因及其对日常生活的影响。
这项观察性研究回顾了2023年1月至2024年6月在IOBA的HM（等效球镜（SE）≤-6 D）成人临床记录。排除标准包括数据不完整以及患有除病理性近视以外的其他疾病。使用ICD-10、ICD-11和韦克量表对VD进行分类。使用R进行统计分析。
我们分析了300名患者的600只眼（73.7%为女性，平均年龄57.6±15.3岁，平均SE -13.04±6.03 D，平均LogMAR视力0.52±0.72）。根据ICD-11，7.6%有轻度VD，12.3%为中度，4.7%为重度，2.7%为失明。韦克量表显示46.7%有VD。VD患者年龄较大（p值=5.81×10）且SE更负（p值=7.96×10）。在VD或病理频率方面未发现性别差异。近视性黄斑萎缩（MMA）（OR=7.816）、视网膜脱离（OR=3.956）、弱视（OR=3.455）、新生血管形成（OR=2.668）、SE（OR=1.115）和年龄（OR=1.040）是导致更大VD的统计学显著关键因素（p值<0.05）。
本研究强调西班牙HM队列中存在显著的VD，MMA是主要原因。年龄和SE也是相关因素。这有助于识别更需要视力康复的患者。
