Characterization of miniature inhibitory post-synaptic potentials in rat spinal motoneurones.

Intracellular recordings were made from motoneurones in the isolated spinal cord of neonatal rats. After action potentials had been abolished by tetrodotoxin (TTX, 10(-6) g/ml), small (approximately 0.4 mV) depolarizing potentials occurred spontaneously in motoneurones at low frequencies (approximately 1.5 Hz). These potentials were detectable only after the intracellular Cl- concentration of motoneurones was raised by using KCl electrodes and most of them were blocked by strychnine, suggesting that they are inhibitory post-synaptic potentials (i.p.s.p.s). These spontaneous i.p.s.p.s under TTX are designated as 'miniature i.p.s.p.s' in order to distinguish them from i.p.s.p.s arising from spontaneous impulse activities of interneurones or afferent fibres. The miniature i.p.s.p.s were still observed after Ca2+ in saline was substituted by Mg2+ or Mn2+. In low Ca2+ and high Mg2+ saline, the amplitude distribution of miniature i.p.s.p.s was essentially the same as in normal saline. The frequency of miniature i.p.s.p.s increased when external Ca2+ concentration was raised. The frequency decreased to about 60% of the control when external Ca2+ was substituted by Mg2+ (2-4 mM), whereas it increased to more than 20-fold when substituted by Mn2+ (3-5 mM). When the external K+ concentration was raised, the frequency of miniature i.p.s.p.s under TTX increased non-linearly with the K+ concentration. The maximum slope in the relation between the log frequency and log K+ concentration was about 3.6. When the osmotic pressure was increased by adding sucrose, miniature i.p.s.p.s increased in frequency. The effect of osmotic pressure was relatively mild compared with that reported for the miniature end-plate potentials (e.p.p.s) in the frog. When the temperature was raised, the frequency of miniature i.p.s.p.s increased. The relation between frequency and temperature fitted approximately to a straight line in Arrhenius plot with a Q10 of about 2.6. These characteristics of the miniature i.p.s.p.s closely resemble those of the miniature e.p.p.s. It is concluded that the miniature i.p.s.p.s recorded in motoneurones are equivalent in nature to the miniature e.p.p.s in neuromuscular junctions, thus reflecting the spontaneous release of quantal packages of the inhibitory transmitter.