Is estrogen replacement therapy necessary?

Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is the most effective treatment for vasomotor hot flushes and urethrovaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Evidence also suggests that ERT delays osteoporosis and may even reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Despite continuing controversy, the risks of ERT are now considered minimal. With individualized therapy and appropriate monitoring, ERT with progestin supplements appears to be safe and effective for the great majority of postmenopausal women.