Gastel B, Cornoni-Huntley J, Brody J A
J Fam Pract. 1980 Nov;11(6):851-60.
A panel of experts convened by the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, reached the following consensus regarding estrogen use and postmenopausal women. The use of estrogens alleviates vasomotor symptoms and atrophy of the vaginal epithelium and might aid in preventing osteoporosis. However, it increases the incidence of endometrial cancer. The addition of progestins might prevent this complication, but potential risks have not been adequately evaluated. Convincing evidence that postmenopausal estrogen use influences the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer does not currently exist. Many aspects of the menopause and its management require further research. Any candidate for postmenopausal estrogen use should be given as much information as possible about both benefits and risks and then, with her physician, reach an individualized decision regarding whether to receive estrogens.
美国国立卫生研究院国立衰老研究所召集的一个专家小组就雌激素使用与绝经后女性达成了以下共识。雌激素的使用可缓解血管舒缩症状和阴道上皮萎缩,可能有助于预防骨质疏松症。然而,它会增加子宫内膜癌的发病率。添加孕激素可能会预防这种并发症,但潜在风险尚未得到充分评估。目前尚无确凿证据表明绝经后使用雌激素会影响心血管疾病和乳腺癌的发生。更年期及其管理的许多方面都需要进一步研究。任何考虑绝经后使用雌激素的女性都应获得关于益处和风险的尽可能多的信息,然后与她的医生就是否接受雌激素做出个性化决定。