Agarwal Saloni, Nambiar Supriya, Mishra Anwesha, Rao Rajath
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Department of Community Medicine, KMC Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Aug 11;25(1):1311. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06603-0.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a structured, reliable malocclusion-related quality of life-specific questionnaire and measure its reliability in adolescents of Indian population.
MATERIALS & METHODS: A mixed methods approach with the sequential exploratory design was followed. Focus group discussions were conducted with orthodontists attached to teaching hospitals, patients aged (12-18 years) and their guardians. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using framework analysis. Several themes and sub-themes identified were used to identify items for the new tool, which was tested on 282 adolescents for its validity and reliability. Normative need for treatment was measured using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record (HMAR) index.
Five themes generated from qualitative data collection were self-perception, social interaction, difficult experiences with malocclusion, Missed opportunities, Patient awareness and expectations. Cross-sectional testing of the new 51-item-MMQ was found to be reliable (Cronbach's α of 0.899) and construct validation using IOTN-DHC (p < 0.05) and DAI (p < 0.01) was statistically significant.
The new tool named Manipal Malocclusion Questionnaire (MMQ) contains 51 items arranged in 5 domains which along with the socioeconomic scale according to Kuppuswamy socio-economic status scale 2021 was found to be reliable and valid for the tested Indian population. This tool can be of clinical relevance to understand patient expectations, motivation and outcomes in orthodontics and also for better quality assurance.
开发并验证一份结构化、可靠的与错颌畸形相关的特定生活质量问卷，并测量其在印度青少年人群中的可靠性。
采用序贯探索性设计的混合方法。对教学医院的正畸医生、年龄在12 - 18岁的患者及其监护人进行了焦点小组讨论。对访谈进行录音、转录，并使用框架分析进行分析。所确定的几个主题和子主题被用于确定新工具的项目，该工具在282名青少年中进行了有效性和可靠性测试。使用正畸治疗需求指数（IOTN）和不良错颌畸形评估记录（HMAR）指数来衡量治疗的规范需求。
从定性数据收集中产生的五个主题是自我认知、社会交往、错颌畸形带来的困难经历、错失的机会、患者意识和期望。新的51项错颌畸形问卷（MMQ）的横断面测试被发现是可靠的（Cronbach's α为0.899），并且使用IOTN - DHC（p < 0.05）和DAI（p < 0.01）进行的结构验证具有统计学意义。
名为马尼帕尔错颌畸形问卷（MMQ）的新工具包含51个项目，分为5个领域，连同根据2021年库普斯瓦米社会经济地位量表制定的社会经济量表，被发现对测试的印度人群是可靠且有效的。该工具在正畸学中对于理解患者期望、动机和治疗结果以及提高质量保证方面具有临床相关性。
