Frost Elizabeth L, Fawole Olufunmilayo I, Okedare Omowumi O, Salawu Mobolaji M, Kiene Susan M, Augusto Camarina, Reed Elizabeth
School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200212, Nigeria.
Adolescents. 2023 Jun;3(2):330-342. doi: 10.3390/adolescents3020023. Epub 2023 May 25.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs in high proportions among young women, with long-lasting adverse health and social outcomes. Recent research findings suggest that experiencing economic vulnerability may influence the ways in which young women experience or are at risk for IPV, including economic abuse. Economic abuse, a form of IPV, involves a partner's control over money and other economic resources or activities. This study explored economic vulnerability and IPV, including economic abuse, among young Nigerian women reporting a recent history of IPV. In-depth interviews (n = 25) were conducted with women aged 18-30 years who had experienced IPV in the past year. Women were recruited from community and health facilities in low-income neighborhoods of Ibadan, Nigeria. A semi-structured interview guide was used to gather data on women's economic vulnerability (e.g., food security, living situation, employment/education opportunities, family financial support, economic independence) and experiences of IPV. An analysis was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. The coding scheme was based on interview protocols, adding open codes from emergent themes identified in the interviews. On average, participants were 21 years old, most had children (68%) and reported to be cohabitating with a male partner (56%), and 48% had less than a secondary level of education. Among the emergent themes, women reported economic vulnerability as being financially dependent on a male partner for basic needs. Among this sample, economic vulnerability was exacerbated by limited education, training, and work opportunities, and a disproportionate burden of household labor. Economic vulnerability precipitated all forms of IPV, including economic abuse, as well as sexual and pregnancy coercion. Economic abuse was reported to occur when male partners controlled household finances and denied women adequate allowance to purchase household food, including food for children. Findings from this qualitative study suggest that interventions promoting educational and employment opportunities may be critical to reducing financial reliance on male partners and young women's vulnerability to economic abuse and other forms of IPV. More research and programmatic work are needed on food deprivation as a form of economic abuse affecting women and their children.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）在年轻女性中高发，会产生长期不良的健康和社会后果。最近的研究结果表明，经济脆弱性可能会影响年轻女性遭受IPV或面临IPV风险的方式，包括经济虐待。经济虐待是IPV的一种形式，涉及伴侣对金钱和其他经济资源或活动的控制。本研究探讨了有近期IPV史的尼日利亚年轻女性中的经济脆弱性和IPV，包括经济虐待。对过去一年中经历过IPV的18至30岁女性进行了深度访谈（n = 25）。这些女性是从尼日利亚伊巴丹低收入社区的社区和卫生机构招募的。使用半结构化访谈指南收集有关女性经济脆弱性（如粮食安全、生活状况、就业/教育机会、家庭经济支持、经济独立性）和IPV经历的数据。采用主题分析方法进行分析。编码方案基于访谈协议，并添加了访谈中出现的新主题的开放代码。参与者平均年龄为21岁，大多数有孩子（68%），报告与男性伴侣同居（56%），48%的人教育程度低于中学。在出现的主题中，女性报告称经济脆弱性表现为在基本需求方面在经济上依赖男性伴侣。在这个样本中，有限的教育、培训和工作机会以及不成比例的家务劳动负担加剧了经济脆弱性。经济脆弱性引发了所有形式的IPV，包括经济虐待以及性胁迫和怀孕胁迫。据报告，当男性伴侣控制家庭财务并拒绝给予女性足够的津贴来购买家庭食品，包括儿童食品时，就会发生经济虐待。这项定性研究的结果表明，促进教育和就业机会的干预措施对于减少对男性伴侣的经济依赖以及年轻女性遭受经济虐待和其他形式IPV的脆弱性可能至关重要。对于作为影响妇女及其子女的一种经济虐待形式的粮食匮乏，需要开展更多的研究和项目工作。
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