Turgut Ali Osman, Koca Davut, Eroğlu Mehmet
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Van Yüzüncü Yil University, Van, Türkiye.
Vet Med Sci. 2025 Sep;11(5):e70565. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70565.
Milk production and composition are affected by genetic and environmental factors. Among key genetic regulators, the POU1F1 and DGAT1 genes play significant roles. POU1F1 affects pituitary gland functions and hormone secretion, indirectly impacting milk production. DGAT1 is crucial for milk fat synthesis. Understanding genetic variations in these genes can enhance breeding strategies for improved milk yield and quality.
This study investigates the relationship between POU1F1 and DGAT1 genes and milk composition in cross-bred Hamdani sheep.
Blood and milk samples from 70 sheep were analysed for genetic markers using PCR-RFLP technique. Statistical analysis assessed the relationship between genotypes and milk composition.
Results showed that DGAT1 genotypes (CC and CT) were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), whereas POU1F1 genotypes were not. C and T allele frequencies were found 0.9 and 0.1 for DGAT1, respectively. On the other hand, the frequencies of C and T alleles were 0.52 and 0.48 for POU1F1, respectively. For DGAT1 gene, CT genotypes carrying ewes had higher milk fat compared to CC genotypes (p < 0.05). However, no differences were observed in milk solids-not-fat, protein and lactose content between genotypes (p > 0.05). Effect sizes were detected as 0.83 (large) for fat percentage comparison, 0.09 (small) for percentage of solids-not-fat and 0.06 (small) for percentage of protein and lactose. Association analysis did not perform for POU1F1 gene due to low sample size in CC genotype.
These findings suggest that DGAT1 variations may influence milk fat content, whereas POU1F1's role remains unclear due to limited genotype variation. Further research is needed to clarify genetic influences of DGAT1 and POU1F1 genes on sheep milk in cross-bred Hamdani sheep.
产奶量和乳成分受遗传和环境因素影响。在关键的遗传调节因子中，POU1F1和DGAT1基因发挥着重要作用。POU1F1影响垂体功能和激素分泌，间接影响产奶量。DGAT1对乳脂肪合成至关重要。了解这些基因的遗传变异可以改进育种策略，提高产奶量和质量。
本研究调查杂交哈姆达尼羊中POU1F1和DGAT1基因与乳成分之间的关系。
使用PCR-RFLP技术对70只绵羊的血液和乳样本进行遗传标记分析。统计分析评估基因型与乳成分之间的关系。
结果显示，DGAT1基因型（CC和CT）处于哈迪-温伯格平衡（HWE），而POU1F1基因型并非如此。发现DGAT1的C和T等位基因频率分别为0.9和0.1。另一方面，POU1F1的C和T等位基因频率分别为0.52和0.48。对于DGAT1基因，携带CT基因型的母羊乳脂肪含量高于CC基因型（p < 0.05）。然而，各基因型之间在非脂乳固体、蛋白质和乳糖含量方面未观察到差异（p > 0.05）。脂肪百分比比较的效应大小为0.83（大），非脂固体百分比为0.09（小），蛋白质和乳糖百分比为0.06（小）。由于CC基因型样本量少，未对POU1F1基因进行关联分析。
这些发现表明，DGAT1变异可能影响乳脂肪含量，而由于基因型变异有限，POU1F1的作用尚不清楚。需要进一步研究以阐明DGAT1和POU1F1基因对杂交哈姆达尼羊羊奶的遗传影响。
