Wong C L
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1985 Oct;7(10):529-33.
In the present study the effects of adrenalectomy and gonadectomy on the antinociceptive activity of morphine and its antagonism by naloxone were studied in male and female mice. In the female mice, it was found that adrenalectomy enhanced the antinociceptive activity of morphine by two-fold, while the antinociceptive effects of morphine measured in the presence of naloxone were similar to those of the sham-operated controls. The naloxone potency ratios, expressed as the ratios of morphine ED50s with naloxone to that without naloxone, were increased in adrenalectomised animals. Similar effects were observed in oophorectomised female mice though the influence of oophorectomy on naloxone antagonism was not as effective as adrenalectomy. In animals that were both adrenalectomised and oophorectomised the antinociceptive effect of morphine measured was similar to those animals receiving either operative procedure. However, the naloxone potency ratios determined were between those determined in adrenalectomised mice and oophorectomised animals. In male mice, the effect of adrenalectomy was similar to that observed in the female animals, namely both the antinociceptive activity of morphine and naloxone antagonism were enhanced. Orchidectomy enhanced the antinociceptive effect of morphine but not to the same extent as adrenalectomy. Furthermore, the enhancement of naloxone antagonism was also less than that induced by adrenalectomy. The effects of adrenalectomy and orchidectomy in male mice were similar to those of adrenalectomy alone. These results suggest that steroid hormones are involved in the actions of both morphine and naloxone.
在本研究中，对雄性和雌性小鼠进行了肾上腺切除术和性腺切除术，以研究其对吗啡镇痛活性及其被纳洛酮拮抗作用的影响。在雌性小鼠中，发现肾上腺切除术使吗啡的镇痛活性增强了两倍，而在有纳洛酮存在的情况下测得的吗啡镇痛效果与假手术对照组相似。以有纳洛酮时的吗啡半数有效剂量（ED50）与无纳洛酮时的吗啡半数有效剂量之比表示的纳洛酮效价比，在肾上腺切除的动物中有所增加。在卵巢切除的雌性小鼠中也观察到了类似的效果，尽管卵巢切除术对纳洛酮拮抗作用的影响不如肾上腺切除术有效。在同时进行了肾上腺切除术和卵巢切除术的动物中，测得的吗啡镇痛效果与接受任何一种手术的动物相似。然而，所确定的纳洛酮效价比介于肾上腺切除小鼠和卵巢切除动物所确定的效价比之间。在雄性小鼠中，肾上腺切除术的效果与在雌性动物中观察到的相似，即吗啡的镇痛活性和纳洛酮拮抗作用均增强。睾丸切除术增强了吗啡的镇痛作用，但程度不如肾上腺切除术。此外，纳洛酮拮抗作用的增强也小于肾上腺切除术所诱导的增强。肾上腺切除术和睾丸切除术对雄性小鼠的影响与单独进行肾上腺切除术的影响相似。这些结果表明，类固醇激素参与了吗啡和纳洛酮的作用。
