人源甲型流感病毒在猪气管上皮细胞中的传代筛选出了血凝素基因中的适应性突变。

Passage of human-origin influenza A virus in swine tracheal epithelial cells selects for adaptive mutations in the hemagglutinin gene.

作者信息

Mo Jongsuk, Ferreri Lucas M, Geiger Ginger, Perez Daniel R, Rajao Daniela S

机构信息

Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 Aug 13;20(8):e0327096. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0327096. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Frequent spillover of influenza A viruses from humans to swine contributes to the increasing diversity of influenza viruses circulating in pigs. Although these events are common, little is known about the adaptation processes that take place when viruses jump between the two species. We examined the changes that occurred during serial passages of a reassortant H3N2 virus (VIC11pTRIG) containing human seasonal surface genes (Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase) and a swine-adapted internal gene constellation in differentiated primary swine tracheal epithelial cells (pSTECs). The VIC11pTRIG reassortant virus was serially passaged 8 times in pSTECs and compared to a control swine-adapted strain (OH/04p) containing the same internal gene constellation. Viral RNA from passages 0 (inoculum), 1, 3, 4-8 were sequenced via next generation or Sanger sequencing. Hemagglutinin diversity was highest at passage 3. Two amino acid mutations in the Hemagglutinin protein (N165K and N216K) were fixed at passages 7 and 5, respectively. These changes were associated with increased fitness of the virus in pSTECs compared to the original parental strain. Our results suggest that the adaptation of human seasonal H3N2 to swine cells may lead to the selection of HA mutations located near the receptor binding site. These mutations may result in increased fitness of human-origin H3N2 strains to adapt in swine.

摘要

甲型流感病毒频繁地从人类传播至猪,导致猪群中流感病毒的多样性不断增加。尽管此类事件很常见,但对于病毒在这两个物种间传播时所发生的适应过程却知之甚少。我们研究了一种重配H3N2病毒(VIC11pTRIG)在分化的原代猪气管上皮细胞(pSTECs)中连续传代过程中发生的变化,该病毒含有人类季节性表面基因(血凝素和神经氨酸酶)以及适应猪的内部基因组合。VIC11pTRIG重配病毒在pSTECs中连续传代8次,并与含有相同内部基因组合的对照猪适应株(OH/04p)进行比较。对第0代(接种物)、第1、3、4 - 8代的病毒RNA进行二代测序或桑格测序。血凝素多样性在第3代时最高。血凝素蛋白中的两个氨基酸突变(N165K和N216K)分别在第7代和第5代时固定下来。与原始亲代毒株相比,这些变化与病毒在pSTECs中的适应性增强有关。我们的结果表明,人类季节性H3N2对猪细胞的适应可能导致在受体结合位点附近选择HA突变。这些突变可能导致源自人类的H3N2毒株在猪体内的适应性增强。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3913/12349064/4e6159788d63/pone.0327096.g001.jpg

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