Torres Montaguth Oscar Enrique, Buddle Sarah, Morfopoulou Sofia, Breuer Judith
Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Department, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Prevention & Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1038/s41579-025-01223-5.
Metagenomics is becoming more widely used for diagnosis of viral infections and surveillance of viruses. Its pathogen-agnostic approach makes metagenomics useful for unknown and novel infection diagnosis, outbreak investigation, and new and emerging pathogen surveillance. New metagenomics methods, such as the use of rapid sequencing technologies and approaches that can selectively enrich for a wide range of viruses, are expanding the range of clinical and public health scenarios in which metagenomics can be used. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increasing interest in viral surveillance worldwide, using clinical samples, potential zoonotic reservoirs and environmental sources, such as wastewater. Validation and accreditation of metagenomics protocols to ensure quality, together with further innovation in methods, will be necessary to bring metagenomics into routine service in clinical and public health laboratories.
宏基因组学在病毒感染诊断和病毒监测中的应用越来越广泛。其不依赖病原体的方法使宏基因组学可用于未知和新型感染的诊断、疫情调查以及新出现病原体的监测。新的宏基因组学方法，如使用快速测序技术和能够选择性富集多种病毒的方法，正在扩大宏基因组学可应用的临床和公共卫生场景范围。在新冠疫情之后，全球对使用临床样本、潜在人畜共患病宿主和废水等环境来源进行病毒监测的兴趣日益浓厚。为确保质量而对宏基因组学方案进行验证和认可，以及方法的进一步创新，对于将宏基因组学引入临床和公共卫生实验室的常规服务是必要的。
