Cinezan Corina, Rus Camelia Bianca, Muresan Mihaela Mirela, Pop Ovidiu Laurean
Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Clinical County Emergency Hospital Bihor, 410169 Oradea, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Aug 4;15(15):1952. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15151952.
The image represents the post-mortem heart of a 28-year-old female patient, diagnosed in childhood with complete common atrioventricular canal defect. At time of diagnosis, the family refused surgery, as did the patient during her adulthood. Despite being advised against pregnancy, she became pregnant. On presentation to hospital, she was cyanotic, with clubbed fingers, and hemodynamically unstable, in sinus rhythm, with Eisenmenger syndrome and respiratory failure partially responsive to oxygen. During pregnancy, owing to systemic vasodilatation, the right-to-left shunt is increased, with more severe cyanosis and low cardiac output. Echocardiography revealed the complete common atrioventricular canal defect, with a single atrioventricular valve with severe regurgitation, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary artery dilatation, severe pulmonary hypertension and a hypoplastic left ventricle. The gestational age at delivery was 38 weeks. She gave birth to a healthy boy, with an Apgar score of 10. The vaginal delivery was chosen by an interdisciplinary team. The cesarean delivery and the anesthesia were considered too risky compared to vaginal delivery. Three days later, the patient died. The autopsy revealed hepatomegaly, a greatly hypertrophied right ventricle with a purplish clot ascending the dilated pulmonary arteries and a hypoplastic left ventricle with a narrowed chamber. A single valve was observed between the atria and ventricles, making all four heart chambers communicate, also insufficiently developed interventricular septum and its congenital absence in the cranial third. These morphological changes indicate the complete common atrioventricular canal defect, with right ventricular dominance, which is a rare and impressive malformation that requires mandatory treatment in early childhood in order for the condition to be solved.
该图像展示的是一名28岁女性患者的尸检心脏,该患者童年时被诊断为完全性房室通道缺损。诊断时,家属拒绝手术,患者成年后也同样拒绝。尽管被建议不要怀孕,但她还是怀孕了。入院时,她面色青紫,手指杵状,血流动力学不稳定,窦性心律,患有艾森曼格综合征且呼吸衰竭,吸氧后部分缓解。孕期由于全身血管扩张,右向左分流增加,出现更严重的青紫和低心输出量。超声心动图显示完全性房室通道缺损,单一房室瓣伴严重反流,右心室肥厚,肺动脉扩张,严重肺动脉高压以及左心室发育不全。分娩时孕周为38周。她产下一名健康男婴,阿氏评分10分。多学科团队选择了经阴道分娩。与经阴道分娩相比,剖宫产和麻醉被认为风险太大。三天后,患者死亡。尸检显示肝脏肿大,右心室显著肥厚,有紫色血栓沿扩张的肺动脉上行,左心室发育不全,腔室狭窄。在心房和心室之间可见单一瓣膜,使所有四个心腔相通,室间隔发育也不充分,且在颅侧三分之一处先天性缺失。这些形态学改变表明为完全性房室通道缺损,右心室优势,这是一种罕见且令人印象深刻的畸形,需要在儿童早期进行强制性治疗才能解决该病症。