Muzzioli Luca, Gimbo Costanza, Pintavalle Maria, Migliaccio Silvia, Donini Lorenzo M
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 28;17(15):2460. doi: 10.3390/nu17152460.
: In a global panorama marked by a progressive rise in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and chronic non-communicable disease prevalence, nutrition education (NE) might play a pivotal role in restoring adoption and strengthening adherence to dietary patterns that protect human health. Therefore, the primary purpose of this work is to review the existing scientific literature studying NE programs aimed at schoolchildren in the decade 2014-2024 and evaluate the effectiveness of intervention tools. : During the first phase of this research, a qualitative analysis was conducted to track similarity in intervention tools and strategies used in nutrition education programs. In the second phase, a quantitative analysis was carried out, extracting common parameters among studies and assessing their potential influence in improving adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). : A high degree of heterogeneity was observed in educational program designs and intervention tools, which were usually not properly described and justified. All studies that measured adherence to the MD registered an improvement after the intervention, in some cases even higher than 10%. However, this study found no relationship between common parameters (i.e., number of formal tools, number of non-formal tools, lesson duration, and program length) used in NE and the improvement in students' adherence to MD. : This research has contributed to outlining a general framework of NE and to promoting a systematic approach in this research field.
在全球肥胖、代谢综合征和慢性非传染性疾病患病率不断上升的大背景下，营养教育（NE）可能在恢复采用并加强对保护人类健康的饮食模式的坚持方面发挥关键作用。因此，这项工作的主要目的是回顾2014年至2024年这十年间针对学童的营养教育项目的现有科学文献，并评估干预工具的有效性。：在本研究的第一阶段，进行了定性分析，以追踪营养教育项目中使用的干预工具和策略的相似性。在第二阶段，进行了定量分析，提取研究中的共同参数，并评估它们对提高地中海饮食（MD）依从性的潜在影响。：在教育项目设计和干预工具方面观察到高度的异质性，这些通常没有得到适当的描述和论证。所有测量对地中海饮食依从性的研究在干预后都有改善，在某些情况下甚至超过10%。然而，本研究发现营养教育中使用的共同参数（即正式工具的数量、非正式工具的数量、课程时长和项目长度）与学生对地中海饮食依从性的改善之间没有关系。：这项研究有助于勾勒出营养教育的总体框架，并推动该研究领域采用系统的方法。
