Kaniuk Julia K, Kumar Divy, Tennyson Joshua, Hurka Kaitlyn L, Margolis Alexander, Bucaloiu Andrei, Selner Ashley, Ahuja Christopher S
Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 240 E Huron Street, Suite 1-200, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Northwestern Medicine Department of Neurological Surgery, 676 N St Clair Street, Suite 2210, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 26;26(15):7249. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157249.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that results from a culmination of acute and chronic damage to neural tissue, specifically the myelin sheath, thus impacting neurons' abilities to synergistically perform their physiological roles. This review explores the molecular underpinnings of myelination, demyelination, and remyelination, emphasizing the role of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), astrocytes, and microglia in physiological, and pathophysiological, healing. Furthermore, we link these processes with emerging therapeutic strategies currently under investigation in animal and human models, underscoring areas of translational medicine that remain underutilized. The goal of this review is to provide a framework for developing more advanced interventions to restore function and improve outcomes for individuals with SCI.
脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种使人衰弱的病症，它是由神经组织，特别是髓鞘的急性和慢性损伤累积所致，从而影响神经元协同发挥其生理作用的能力。本综述探讨了髓鞘形成、脱髓鞘和髓鞘再生的分子基础，强调了少突胶质前体细胞（OPC）、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞在生理及病理生理愈合过程中的作用。此外，我们将这些过程与目前在动物和人体模型中正在研究的新兴治疗策略联系起来，强调了转化医学中仍未得到充分利用的领域。本综述的目的是提供一个框架，以开发更先进的干预措施，为脊髓损伤患者恢复功能并改善预后。
