Calixto Eduardo, Gomez-Verjan Juan C, Cerbón Marco, Rodríguez-Chávez Valeria, Romero-Martínez Bianca S, Martinez-Enriquez María E, Montaño Luis M, Solís-Chagoyán Héctor, Aquino-Gálvez Arnoldo, Rivero-Segura Nadia A, González-Ávila Georgina, Susunaga Notario Ana Del Carmen, Pérez-Figueroa Gloria E, Carbajal Verónica, Flores-Soto Edgar, Sommer Bettina
Departamento de Neurobiología, Dirección de Investigación en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City 14370, CP, Mexico.
Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, CP, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 29;26(15):7332. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157332.
Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone primarily associated with lactation, but it plays various roles in both men and women. PRL belongs to the family of peptide hormones, including placental lactogen and growth hormone. Interestingly, PRL is a pleiotropic hormone affecting several physiological and pathological conditions, including fertility. Moreover, several pathophysiological roles have been associated with this hormone, including those of the immune system, autoimmune disorders, asthma, and ageing. Additionally, PRL receptors are ubiquitously expressed in tissues, including the mammary gland, gonads, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, brain, heart, lungs, pituitary gland, uterus, skeletal muscle, skin blood cells, and immune system. Therefore, in the present paper, we cover the potential role that PRL may play in asthma by promoting inflammation and modulating immune responses. The detection of its receptor in lung tissue suggests a direct role in airway smooth muscle contractility through activation of signaling pathways such as JAK2-STAT5, MAPK/ERK1/2, and PI3K/Akt, as well as influencing ionic currents that regulate cell contraction, proliferation, and survival. In this sense, this review aims to explore the potential involvement of PRL in asthma pathophysiology by examining its interactions with intracellular signaling pathways and its possible impact on airway smooth muscle contractility and immune modulation.
催乳素（PRL）是一种主要与泌乳相关的激素，但它在男性和女性中都发挥着多种作用。PRL属于肽类激素家族，包括胎盘催乳素和生长激素。有趣的是，PRL是一种多效性激素，会影响多种生理和病理状况，包括生育能力。此外，这种激素还与多种病理生理作用相关，包括免疫系统、自身免疫性疾病、哮喘和衰老等方面的作用。另外，PRL受体在包括乳腺、性腺、肝脏、肾脏、肾上腺、大脑、心脏、肺、垂体、子宫、骨骼肌、皮肤血细胞和免疫系统在内的组织中普遍表达。因此，在本论文中，我们探讨了PRL通过促进炎症和调节免疫反应可能在哮喘中发挥的潜在作用。在肺组织中检测到其受体表明，它通过激活JAK2-STAT5、MAPK/ERK1/2和PI3K/Akt等信号通路，以及影响调节细胞收缩、增殖和存活的离子电流，在气道平滑肌收缩中发挥直接作用。从这个意义上讲，本综述旨在通过研究PRL与细胞内信号通路的相互作用及其对气道平滑肌收缩和免疫调节的可能影响，探讨PRL在哮喘病理生理学中的潜在参与情况。
